Does Matter Matter

Particle matter theory

Solid= the particles are packed tightly ...fixed shape

Liquid = the particles are moving freely … takes the shape of the container … solid to liquid = melting

Gas = the particles move quickly and escape the container...always fills container…. Liquid to gas evaporation...gas to liquid condensation

Mass volume and density

Mass = the amount of matter in an object

1 milligram  = 0.001 (g)

Milli = 1 thousandth 1/1000

1 gram = 0.001 kg

1 kg = 1000 g

Measuring Mass

Direct - scale, balance

Indirect - more complicated

Ex measure the mass of H20

Step 1. measure the beaker

1. Measure the container and water

1. Subtract #2 by #1

Volume = the amount of space hat is occupied by matter

Volume of a liquid = (L, mL) graduated cylinder

Flat surface

Read the meniscus at eye level

Read at the bottom of the meniscus

100 ml = 1 l

0.001 l = 1ml

Volume of a rectangular shape equals LxWxH

1cm3 = 1 ml

1.000 cm3 = 1l

Volume = the amount of space hat is occupied by matter

Volume of a liquid = (L, mL) graduated cylinder

Flat surface

Read the meniscus at eye level

Read at the bottom of the meniscus

100 ml = 1 l

0.001 l = 1ml

Volume of a rectangular shape equals LxWxH

1cm3 = 1 ml

1.000 cm3 = 1l

Density

The mass of a substance per unit volume of the substance! It is expressed as grams per milliliter (g/ml)

Density = mass (g)

                 volume (l)

Each substance has its own unique density

Ex. 400g 6 liter = 400/6 = 66.6667 G/L

Ex. 10 kg 500 cm3 = 10,000/.5 = 20,000 G/L

Ex.      D =100g/l

V = 2L

M=?

Properties of matter

What is matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

Properties of matter

Quantitative properties - measurements of a given substances and can be expressed as a number of quantity

Qualitative Properties - defines something based on characteristics

Qualitative : Colour taste texture odor lustre clarity

Quantitative: mass volume length width height density

Solid

A solid is matter that has definite size and shape.

Example: put a sneaker in a box it stays the same

Liquids

A liquid takes the shape of any container

Ex: pour juice into a glass. The juice will take on the shape of the glass

Gas

Gas is a matter that has no definite shape. Gases take the shape of whatever container they are in

Ex the air is all around us is a gas

Physical changes in mater

A physical change is a change in how matter looks., nut not the kind of matter it is

• Tear
• Cut
• Folded
• Written

• Liquid

• Solid
• Gas

• Mixture

• solution

Chemical changes in matter

New matter is formed

Burning

Rusting

Cooking

Earth Science

The Layers of the Earth:

 Crust

 Mantle

 Core

Outer Core

Inner Core

Minerals

properties of minerals

Colour-

Colour is easy to determine and can be an indication on the type of stone 

although it is not always reliable. An example is Jade because it is often green

but can come in multiple different colours

Streak- 

A streak is the mark that gets made when some minerals get

scratched on a porcelain plate . For example if you scratch gold on a hard

surface it makes a different streak than fools gold.

lustre-

A streak is the mark that gets made when some minerals get

scratched on a porcelain plate . For example if you scratch gold on a hard

surface it makes a different streak than fools gold.

hardness- 

You can tell have hard a mineral is by scratching one mineral against another. The softer

mineral can not make a mark on the harder mineral. Though the harder mineral can make

a mark on the softer one.  Hence diamond will scratch quarts but quarts wont scratch diamond.

Crstal structure- 

All minerals are crystal. Geologists can tell how fast the mineral cooled from liquid

from solid by the size of the mineral. The larger the crystal the slower it cooled.

cleavage- 

The lines the minerals splits .

magnetism- 

Minerals that attract magnets have magnetism. Minerals have to have iron in them to

have magnetism

reaction with certain chemicals- 

You can sometimes tell which mineral it is by the reaction with certain chemicals. For

example marble reacts to vinegar which is an acidic solution. The vinegar reacts to the

carbonate materials in the minerals.

Rock Cycle

   1.The process of rocks change from family to family is called the rock cycle because there is a cycle that the rocks go though to change families.

1. Recycling of rocks is like recycling bottles because they both work in a cycle. You don't get money back for recycling rocks.

1. -A igneous rock becomes a sedimentary rock by turning into sediments then turning into sedimentary rock

-A sedimentary turn into a igneous rock by melting into magma then  solidifies into Intrusive igneous rock

-An igneous rock can turn into a metamorphic rock then melt into magma the solidify into intrusive igneous