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Science Flashcards #4
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17
Science
7th Grade
01/31/2012

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Term
Heredity
Definition
The passing of traits from parents to offspring.
Term
Gene
Definition
The set of information that controls a trait; a segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait. 
Term
Trait
Definition
A characteristic that an organism can pass on to it's offspring through it's genes.
Term
Alleles
Definition
The different forms of a gene.
Term
Genetics
Definition
The scientific study of heredity.
Term
Dominant Allele
Definition
An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present. 
Term
Fertilization
Definition
The process in which an egg cell and a sperm cell join to form a new organism.
Term
Recessive Allele
Definition
An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present.
Term
Purebred
Definition
The offspring of many generations that have the same traits.
Term
Hybrid
Definition
An organism that has two different alleles for a trait; an organism that is heterozygous for a particular trait. 
Term
Probability
Definition
A number that describes how likely it is that an event will occur.
Term
Punnett Square
Definition
A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross.
Term
Phenotype
Definition
An organism'a physical appearance, or visible traits.
Term
Genotype
Definition
An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations.
Term
Homozygous
Definition
Having two identical alleles for a trait.
Term
Heterozygous
Definition
Having two different alleles for a trait.
Term
Codominance
Definition
A condition in which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominant or recessive.
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