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science chapter four
chapter four
24
Science
8th Grade
01/25/2011

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Term
Atom
Definition
the basic particles from which all elements are made
Term
electron
Definition
a negatively charged particle that is found outside the nucleus of an atom
Term
nucleus
Definition
the central core of an atom
Term
proton
Definition
a positively charged particle that is part of an atom's nucleus
Term
energy level
Definition
a region of an atom in which electrons of the same energy are likely to be found
Term
neutron
Definition
a small particle in the necleus of an atom that has no charge
Term
atomic number
Definition
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Term
isotope
Definition
an atom with the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons
Term
atomic mass
Definition
the average mass of all isotopes in an element
Term
periodic table
Definition
a chart of the elements showing the repeating pattern in their properties
Term
malleable
Definition
a term used to describe material that can be pounded into shapes
Term
ductile
Definition
a term used to describe a material that can be pulled out into a long wire
Term
thermal conductivity
Definition
the ability of an object to transfr heat
Term
eletrical conductivity
Definition
the ability of an object to transfer electric current
Term
reactivity
Definition
the ease and speed which an element combines
Term
corrosion
Definition
the grudually wearing away of a metal element due to chemical reaction
Term
particle accelerator
Definition
a machine that moves atomic nuclei at higher and higher speeds until they collide
Term
nonmetal
Definition
an element that lacks most proerties of a metal
Term
semimetal
Definition
an element that has some characteristics of both metal and non metal
Term
semi conductor
Definition
a material that conducts current under certain conditions
Term
period
Definition
a horizontal row of elements in the periodic tabel
Term
group
Definition
elements in the same verticle column in the periodic tabel
Term
chemical symbol
Definition
a one or two letter representation of an element
Term
metal
Definition
a class of elements characterized by physical properties that include shinyness, malleability, ductility, and conductivity
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