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Science Chapter 10 Study Guide
Study Guide created from certain things
46
Science
8th Grade
04/13/2010

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Term
Particles located in the outermost energy level of an atom; their behavior determines . . . . (not complete)
Definition
valence electron
Term
Change color depending on conditions such as pH 1
Definition
indicator
Term
When electrons are shared between atoms of two different elements ___________ compounds are formed
Definition
covalent
Term
[Something about factories and pollution]
Definition
- The answer is "D" something about pH levels lowering -
Term
When all molecules of an acid break apart in water, the solution is called a:
Definition
"B" strong acid
Term
An interaction that holds atoms together
Definition
chemical bond
Term
When a hydrogen ion (H+) separates from acid and bonds with a water molecule . . . . . .
Definition
hydronium (ion)
Term
Which of the following is not used in measuring pH
Definition
crystal lattice
Term
A compound that forms when a metal atom replaces the hydrogen of acid
Definition
salt
Term
The reaction of a metal with a nonmetal forms a(n) _______________ compound
Definition
ionic
Term
Something measured by pH
Definition
Hydronium Ion Concentration
Term
~Concept Map~
|
is another
_|_
(base)
- - -

"is another ____"
Definition
base
Term
Limewater with a pH of 10.5 is a?
Definition
base
Term
What substances can acids react with to produce hydrogen gas?
Definition
metals
Term
A value used to express acidity is called
Definition
pH
Term
If it is brittle, dissolves easily in water, has a high melting point, and conducts electric current, it is a(n)
Definition
ionic compound
Term
How are the attractive forces of covalent compounds different from those of ionic compounds?
Definition
the attractive forces are weaker
Term
When a metal reacts with a nonmetal, it makes
Definition
a covalent compound
Term
Most covalent compounds
Definition
don't dissolve in water
Term
Covalent compounds have
Definition
low melting points
Term
a compound made of oppositely charged ions
Definition
ionic compound
Term
a compound formed by the sharing of electrons
Definition
covalent compound
Term
What substances can acids react with to produce hydrogen gas?
Definition
metals
Term
Acids conduct electric current by forming
Definition
hydronium ions
Term
Acids have a
Definition
sour taste
Term
Bases have a
Definition
slippery feel
Term
When a base is added to red litmus paper, the indicator turns
Definition
blue
Term
If a cleaning product includes ammonia as an ingredient, the product is made from a(n)
Definition
base
Term
any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water
Definition
acid
Term
a compound that can reversibly change color depending on conditions such as pH
Definition
indicator
Term
any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water
Definition
base
Term
When all the molecules of an acid break apart in water, the solution is called a
Definition
strong acid
Term
Citric acid is a weak acid, so only a few molecules would break apart when
Definition
it dissolves in water
Term
When acids and bases come in contact with each other, they
Definition
neutralize each other
Term
One way to test pH is to use a strip of paper that has several
Definition
indicators
Term
A neutral solution has a pH of
Definition
7
Term
Sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, and calcium sulfate are all
Definition
salt
Term
an ionic compound formed when a metal atom replaces the hydrogen of an acid
Definition
a salt
Term
the reaction of an acid and a base to form a neutral solution of water and a salt
Definition
neutralization reaction
Term
What can an ionic compound conduct after it dissolves in water?
Definition
electric current
Term
What do water molecules do to ions
Definition
pull them apart
Term
What do many ionic compounds dissolve easily in?
Definition
water
Term
What kind of structure does an ionic compound have
Definition
crystal lattice
Term
what kind of compound is sugar
Definition
covalent
Term
Why can't a solution of sugar and water conduct an electric current?
Definition
Sugar doesn't form ions
Term
What do many covalent compounds NOT dissolve well in
Definition
water
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