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| Anything that has mass and takes up space |
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| The study of matter and how it changes. |
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| A single kind of matter that is pure; it always has a specific makeup or composition. |
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| A characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance. |
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| A characteristic of a substance that describes its ability to change into different substances. |
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| A substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means. |
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| The basic particle from which all elements are made. |
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| A force of attraction between two atoms. |
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| A group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. |
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| A substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined in a set ratio. |
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| Shows the elements in a compound and the ratio of atoms. |
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| Made of two or more substances that are together in the same place, but their atoms are not chemically bonded. |
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| The measure of the force of gravity on you. |
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| The amount of matter an object has. |
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| International System of Units |
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Definition
| Used to measure the properties of matter. The SI unit of mass is the kilogram. |
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The amount of space that matter occupies. The SI unit of volume is the cubic meter.
Volume = Length x Width x Height |
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The measure of the mass of a material in a given volume. Can be expressed as the number of grams in one cubic centimeter.
Density = Mass/Volume |
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Definition
| Alters the form or appearance of matter but does not turn any substance in the matter into a different substance. |
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Definition
| A change in matter that produces one or more new substances. |
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| Law of conservation of mass |
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Definition
| The fact that matter is not created or destroyed in any chemical or physical change. Also called the law of conservation of matter. |
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| The measure of how hot or cold something is. |
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| The total energy of the motion of all the particles in an object. |
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| A change in which energy is absorbed. |
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| A change in which energy is released or given off. |
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| The energy stored in the chemical bonds between atoms. |
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Definition
Any time you exert a force on an object that causes the object to move some distance.
Work = Force X Distance |
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Definition
| The SI unit of work named in honor of Prescott Joule. |
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The rate at which work is done.
Power = Work/Time |
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| Devices that allow you to work in an easier way. They DO NOT reduce the amount of work you do. |
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| The force you exert when you do work. |
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| The force exerted on an object by a machine. |
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The number of times a machine increases a force exerted on it.
Mechanical Advantage = Output force/Input force |
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The percentage of input work that is converted to output work.
Efficiency = Output Work/Input Work X 100% |
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Definition
| The most basic device for making work easier. |
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| A ramp; a flat, sloped surface. |
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| A device that is thick at one end and tapers to a thin edge at the other end. |
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| An inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder to form a spiral. |
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| A rigid bar that is free to pivot or rotate on a fixed point. |
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| The fixed point that a lever pivots around. |
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| A simple machine made of a grooved wheel with a rope or cable wrapped around it. |
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| A simple machine made of two connected objects that rotate about a common axis. The object with the larger radius is the wheel. |
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| A machine that combines two or more simple machines. |
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| The ability to do work or cause change. |
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The energy an object has due to motion.
Kinetic energy = 1/2 x Mass x Speed2 |
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| Energy that results from the position or shape of an object. |
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| Gravitational Potential Energy |
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Definition
Potential energy related to an objects height.
Gravitiational Potential Energy = Weight X Height |
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Definition
| Potential energy related to the shape of an object. |
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Definition
| The form of energy associated with the motion, position, or shape of an object. |
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Definition
| The potential energy stored in the nucleus of an atom. |
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Definition
| The total kinetic and potential energy of the particles in an object. |
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Definition
| The energy of electric charges. |
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Definition
| The energy of light and other forms of radiation that travels through space in waves. |
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Definition
| The potential energy stored in chemical bonds. |
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Definition
| A change of one form of energy to another. |
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Term
| Law of conservation of energy |
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Definition
| States that when one form of energy is transformed into another, no energy is lost in the process. |
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