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SCI Chapter 5
Fast Changes on Earth
19
Science
4th Grade
01/16/2011

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Term
gravity
Definition
pulling force that acts on all objects
Term
landslide
Definition
rapid movement of a large amount of rock and soil
Term
flood
Definition
overflow of a stream or river
Term
mudslide
Definition
land that becomes too full of water and slides down a slope
Term
crust
Definition
Earth's outermost layer
Term
plates
Definition
gigantic slabs of rock that make up the Earth's crust
Term
faults
Definition
cracks where Earth's plates come together
Term
earthquake
Definition
movement in Earth's crust that is caused by a sudden shift of Earth's plates
Term
creep
Definition
slow movement along a fault
Term
normal fault
Definition
when plates pull apart
Term
reverse fault
Definition
when plates push together
Term
strike-slip fault
Definition
when rocks slide past each other in different directions
Term
tsunami
Definition
giant ocean wave
Term
volcano
Definition
mountain that builds up around an opening in Earth's crust
Term
eruption
Definition
when melted rock, gases, and pieces of rock are forced out of a volcano
Term
hot spot
Definition
place where magma partially melts through Earth's crust
Term
active
Definition
still erupting or able to erupt
Term
dormant
Definition
no longer erupts
Term
crater
Definition
cup-like shape that forms around the vent of a volcano
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