Term
| Which of the DEA 1 (type A) erythrocyte antigens predominates in the USA? |
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Definition
DEA 1.1 (45%)
25% are DEA 1.2 |
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Term
| What blood type (in bitch and pups) is associated with neonatal isoerythrolysis in dogs? |
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Definition
DEA 1.1 negative bitch (sensitized by previous pregnancy or blood transfusion with DEA 1.1 positive RBC)
DEA 1.1 positive pups |
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Term
| Which breed of dog is more likely to be DEA 3 (B system) and DEA 5 (D system) positive compared with the general US dog population? |
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Definition
| Greyhounds (up to 23% were DEA 3 positive at michigan state), only 6% of the total dog population is DEA 3 positive |
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Term
| Naturally occurring autoantibodies against which dog erythrocyte antigen exist in some (~20%) null dogs? |
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Definition
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Term
| What dog erythrocyte antigen is reported on almost 100% of dogs in the USA? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the dog erythrocyte antigens is a secreted protein, not an integral RBC membrane protein? |
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Definition
DEA 7 (Tr system)
expressed in 40-54% of dogs |
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Term
| What is the actual molecular form the feline blood group antigens? |
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Definition
neuraminic acid on RBC membrane glycolipids and glycoproteins.
Type A have predominantly N-glycolyl-neuramic acid [NeuGc]2GD3
Type B have ONLY N-acetyl-neuramic acid (NeuAc)
Type AB have both (and there is likely more than one biochemical phenotype for AB which is why determine mode of inheritance has been challenging) |
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Term
| Cats of which blood type develop a more severe transfusion reaction when administered incompatible RBC? |
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Definition
Type B cats given Type A blood can have rapid, fatal transfusion reactions
*Type A cats will have a transfusion reaction when administered Type B blood, but slower and mainly extravascular |
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Term
| RBC from which farm animals are NOT prone to agglutination, even the in presence of anti-erythrocyte antigen antibodies? |
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Definition
Cattle, sheep, goat, llama, alpaca
**blood grouping assays for these species are hemolytic tests vs. horses and pigs in which blood grouping assays evaluate both hemolysis AND agglutination |
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Term
| What equine blood types are most commonly associated with neonatal isoerythrolysis? |
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Definition
| A and Q (negative mare, positive stallion and offspring) |
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Term
| How many blood group factors have been recognized in horses? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many blood group factors have been recognized in sheep? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a feature of the blood type of an ideal equine blood donor? |
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Definition
negative for highly antigenic factors (esp Aa and Qa)
** in order to prevent sensitization of negative mares and future issues with neonatal isoerythrolysis |
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Term
| What is the best RBC donor for blood transfusion to a foal with neonatal isoerythrolysis? |
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Definition
the dam- although RBC must first be separate from the plasma (with antibodies against foal RBC) and washed and then resuspended in a suitable transfusion solution.
Although the mare's RBC are not likely compatible with the foal, they will be resistant to maternal Ab and should help maintain an adequate HCT until the material Ab are cleared and the foal can rebuild it's own RBC mass |
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Term
| What is the relative frequency (using <25%, 45-55%, or >75%) of DEA 1.1, DEA 4, and Dal in the general dog population? |
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Definition
DEA 1.1 is 44-45%
DEA 4 >75%
Dal >75% |
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