Term
| The sister taxon to Ornithischia? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Saurischian Diversity
The ancestral saurischian possessed a suite of synapomorphies derived with
respect to the ancestral dinosaur. See your lab handout to review these and all
synapomorphies of smaller saurischian groups. The ancestral saurischian, similar to
Herrerasaurus, gave rise to two distinct lineages, Sauropodomorpha and Theropoda. |
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Term
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Definition
STARTS NEXT CARD
***Starting on bottom horiztonal (left) moving upwards (right) |
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Term
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Definition
1. Diaphragm
2. Palatal teeth lost
3. Four-chambered heart
4. Enlarged brain
5. Nest building behavior
6. Parental care of young |
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Term
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Definition
7. In-turned femoral head
8. Opposable thumb
9. Perforate acetabulum
10. S-shaped neck |
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Term
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Definition
11. Long cervical vertebrae
12. Long hand, with digit II the longest
13. Large claw on thumb (digit I) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
19. Kinetic, flexible jaw
20. Deep ball-in-socket joint between head and neck
21. Digit V lost from hand (4-fingered hand)
22. Phalanges of digit V of foot lost
23. Digit I of foot reduced and no longer in contact with ankle joint
24. Hollow, thin-walled, tubular bones
25. Fused clavicles (furcula) |
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Term
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Definition
26. Tooth row positioned entirely in front of orbit
27. Maxillary fenestra present
28. Digit IV lost from hand of adults (3-fingered hand)
29. Astragalus overlaps tibia
Coelurosauria
30. Semilunate carpal present
31. Long, slender hands
32. Protofeathers present |
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Term
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Definition
26. Tooth row positioned entirely in front of orbit
27. Maxillary fenestra present
28. Digit IV lost from hand of adults (3-fingered hand)
29. Astragalus overlaps tibia |
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Term
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Definition
30. Semilunate carpal present
31. Long, slender hands
32. Protofeathers present |
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Term
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Definition
33. Distal ¾ of tail stiff
34. Forelimb at least ¾ length of presacral vertebral column
35. Ossified sternal plates
36. Front part of pubic boot absent
37. Brooding behavior
38. Long, pinnate arm feathers present |
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Term
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Definition
39. Flight
40. Forelimb longer than hindlimb
41. Asymmetrically veined wing feathers
***Next starts Top row that connects with bottom row parallel |
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Term
| first top branches off of? |
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Definition
Dinosauria
...and that taxon is? |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
***Connects to blank node on original taxon
***has NO synapomorphies
The next taxon is a node between "Plateosaurus" and the "blank node" ...? |
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Term
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Definition
14. Blunt, closely packed teeth
15. Tibia shorter than femur
***The next card branches out sideways (right)off of "Sauropodomorpha" |
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Term
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Definition
16. Nares shifted to dorsal surface of skull
17. Presacral vertebrae greatly lightened by pleurocoels
18. Great reduction in number of phalanges of hand; only digit I retains a claw
***The next slide branches vertically upwaards from "Sauropoda" |
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Term
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Definition
no synapomorphies
***The next slide branches right from "Sauropoda" |
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Term
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Definition
none
***The next slide gets back to the top horizontal "row" and starts at which connected clade on the bottom taxon? |
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Term
...connects to Theropoda
...Dino clade is? |
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Definition
Ceratosauria
...What synapomorphies? |
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Term
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Definition
***
Next card:the group, after Ceratosauria, on the top "row" |
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Term
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Definition
none
(connected to Theropoda) |
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Term
Allosauroidea
(Carnosauria) |
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Definition
none
(connected to blank clade between "Tetanurae" and "Coelurosauria") |
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Term
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Definition
none
(Connected to "Coelurosauria") |
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Term
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Definition
none
(connected to blank clade between "Coelurosauria" and "Maniraptora") |
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Term
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Definition
none
(connected to "Maniraptora")
***Next is a blank clade breaking off into 2 groups horizontally even with top "row"...What are these two groups? |
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Term
Normal vertical line: Dromaeosauridae
Up horiztonally right: Troodontidae |
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Definition
no synapomorphies for either
***Next card is the end taxon! |
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Term
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Definition
39. Flight
40. Forelimb longer than hindlimb
41. Asymmetrically veined wing feathers |
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