Term
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Definition
| The systematic study of human society, at its heart is the sociological perspective. The term was coined by Auguste Comte. |
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Term
| The Sociological Perspective |
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Definition
Seeing the general in the particular (as described by Peter Berger).
Also includes:
- Seeing the strange in the familiar
- Seeing personal choice in social context |
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| The Sociological Imagination |
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Definition
| Term coined by C. Wright Mills, he describes it as turning personal problems into public issues. |
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Term
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Definition
| The study of the larger world and our society's place in it. |
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Term
| Reasons to Study Globalization |
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Definition
1) Where we live shapes the lives we lead.
2) Societies throughout the world are increasingly interconnected.
3) Many social problems we have in Canada are more serious elsewhere.
4) Thinking globally helps us learn more about ourselves. |
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Term
| How Sociology Benefits Personal Growth |
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Definition
1) The sociological perspective helps us assess the truth of "common sense"
2) The sociological perspective helps us see the opportunities and constraints in our lives
3) The sociological perspective empowers us to be active participants in our society
4) The sociological perspective helps us live in a diverse world. |
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Term
| Causes of the Origins of Sociology |
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Definition
- Striking changes in Europe during the 18th/19th centuries were important in the development of sociology
1) A new industrial economy
2) The growth of cities
3) Political change
4) A new awareness of society |
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Term
| Auguste Comte's 3 Stage Historical Development |
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Definition
1) Theological stage - From the beginning of human history to the end of the European Middle Ages, when people took a religious view.
2) Metaphysical Stage - Beginning with the dawn of the Renaissance in which people saw society as a natural, not supernatural system.
3) The Scientific Stage: Began with the work of early scientists like Copernicus and Galileo. |
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Term
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Definition
| A way of understanding based on science; Auguste Comte was the first to apply it to sociology. |
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Term
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Definition
| A statement of how and why specific facts are related. |
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Term
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Definition
| A basic image of society that guides thinking and research. |
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Term
| Structural-Functional Approach |
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Definition
| A framework for building theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. This approach points to social structure, which gives our lives shape and its social functions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any relatively stable pattern of social behaviour. |
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Definition
| The consequences of any social pattern for the operation of society as a whole. |
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Definition
| The recognized and intended consequences of any social pattern (term coined by Merton). |
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Term
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Definition
| The unrecognized and unintended consequences of any social pattern (term coined by Merton). |
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Term
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Definition
| Any social pattern that may disrupt the operation of society (term coined by Merton). |
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Term
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Definition
| A framework for building theory that sees society as an arena of inequality that generates conflict and change. |
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Term
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Definition
| A point of view that focuses on inequality and conflict between women and men. Linked with feminism, the advocacy of social equality for women and men. |
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Term
| The Race-Conflict Approach |
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Definition
| A point of view that focuses on inequality and conflict between people of different racial and ethnic categories. |
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Term
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Definition
| A broad focus on social structures that shape society as a whole (like structural-functionalism and social-conflict theory). |
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Term
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Definition
| A close-up focus on social interaction in specific situations (ex. Symbolic-Interactionism). |
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Term
| Symbolic-Interaction Approach |
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Definition
| A framework for building theory that sees society as the product of the everyday interactions of individuals. |
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Term
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Definition
| An approach that is critical of modernism, with a mistrust of grand theories and ideologies. |
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Term
| Tasks of Sociologists (as said by Ann Travers) |
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Definition
1) Problematize the everyday world.
2) Make the implicit explicit.
3) See the strange in the familiar. |
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