Term
| Allergic and chronic rhinits can lead to... |
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Definition
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| You are looking at a histology slide and you note edematous CT with diffuse mixed cellular infiltrate with various lymphocytes. What does this describe? |
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Definition
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Term
| You see edematous nasal mucosa with eosinophils. What does this clue you into? |
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Definition
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Term
This tumor is seen in BOYS from 10-20 years of age. Grossly you find a smooth lobulated mass with a homogenous cut surface.
Microscopically you see vasculature with a staghorn appearance. You also find stellate spindle cells embedded in a dense collagenous surface. |
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Definition
Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.
Remember NOT to biopys this because they are VERY vascular and they will bleed like hell. |
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Term
| This nasal tumor is benign BUT can be locally agressive. |
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Definition
| Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma |
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Term
| Your ectoderm that lines the sinonasal tract is called... |
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Definition
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Term
| The two ways Schneiderian papillomas can grow are... |
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Definition
muchroom shaped (exophytic)
downward (inverted) |
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Term
| This tumor has a respiratory epithelium, a fibrovascular core, and neutrophils in the epithelium. |
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Definition
Schneiderian papilloma
Recall that neutrophils in the epithelium is a rare occurance so this is your giveaway. |
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Term
| Where can you see "Epithelial transmigration of neutrophils" |
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Definition
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Term
| You have a schneiderian papilloma with fronds and it will have NO RISK of becoming a carcinoma. What type is it? |
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Definition
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Term
| You have a Schneiderian papilloma which is pushing with endophytic nests and has a 10% risk of becoming an invasive carcinoma. What type is it? |
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Definition
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Term
| This tumor occurs at the cribiform plate during the 3rd and 4th decade. |
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Definition
Olfactory neuroblastoma.
Remember, when I say "neuroblastoma" you say "Homer Write rosettes" |
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Term
| This tumor spreads locally and can be seen on physical examiniation at the bridge of the nose and can even spread to local lymph nodes. |
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Definition
| ONB (olfactory neuroblastoma) |
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Term
| This type of nasopharyngeal carcinoma will show keratin perls. |
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Definition
Type I.
Recall that Type II has an association with EBV and is non-keratinizing |
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Term
| This tumor is neuroectodermal |
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Definition
ONB
(Olfactory Neuroblastoma) |
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Term
| This type of NPC is differentiated but DOES NOT MAKE KERATIN |
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Definition
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Term
| This type of NPC does NOT make keratin and is undifferentiated. You may even see a lymphoepithelioma. |
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Definition
Type III
Recall that both Type II & III NPCs are associated with EBV |
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Term
| The standard Tx for nasopharyngeal carcinoma |
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Definition
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Term
| You are looking at the histoloy of a nasopharyngeal carcinoma and you see numerous lymphocytes. Are these cancerous? |
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Definition
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Term
| You have a patient from the far east with a tumor in his nose. What type of tumor do you think it could be? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the virus responsibile for types II and III NPC? |
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Definition
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Term
| A small reactive polipoid lesion on the true vocal cords. |
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Definition
| Nodule. Does not lead to cancer. |
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Term
| A true neoplasm covered by squamous epithelium that may be related to HPV6 and 11 |
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Definition
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Term
| If you see HPV 16 and 18, would you be concerned if your patient has a papilloma? |
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Definition
| It is rare, but it would progress to cancer. |
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Term
| Where the the most common location of a vocal cord carcinoma? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some major contributors to vocal cord carcinoma? |
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Definition
| Alcohol, tobacco, asbestos, HPV |
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Term
| You have decided to become an otorhinolarngolosit because they get paied a lot and don't require astronomical step scores. Your patient has a fungating mass in her throat that grossly looks like a cauliflower. A biopsy reveals keratine pearls in the submucosa. What does this tell you? |
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Definition
| This is a vocal cord carcinoma that has breached the basal membrane. |
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Term
| What is a common cause of a cholesteatoma? |
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Definition
| Chronic otitis media. This will present with a white pus. |
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Term
This is not important so you can skip it.
What probably killed Oscar Wilde? |
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Definition
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Term
You are a pathologist and you are lucky enough to see the following in a single field of view:
Keratin
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Fibrous/Granulation tissue
What do you suspect? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a very serious complication of cholesteatoma? |
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Definition
| It can erode the ossicles and bony wall of the middle ear and laed to meningitis. |
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Term
| This pathology is seen only in AIDS patients and presents as an area with white hairy thickening on the lateral aspect of the tongue. You will find that it does not rub off. |
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Definition
Oral hairy leukoplakia.
The "hair' is actually filiform keratin projections. |
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Term
| What is the definative pathologic agent of Oral hairy leukoplakia? |
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Definition
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Term
| This is a preacancerous lesion which is at the mucosal level and is a marked epithelial dysplasia. |
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Definition
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Term
You know that genomic instability is due to an accumulation of mutations which lead to various pathologies. In terms of progression you also know that epithelium can transform from normal to hyperplasia, dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, to carcinoma.
What are the most common causes of Dysplasia, Carcinoma in situ, and Carcinoma? |
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Definition
p53 mutation → Dysplasia
Cyclin D1 amplification → Carcinoma in situ
pTEN inactivation → Carcinoma |
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Term
| Your patient has an ulcer with elevated rolled borders. What could it be? |
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Definition
Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
This cancer is locally invasive and can spread to local lymph nodes. |
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Term
| Did you know that there is more money being sent to aid non-militant countries than there is being spent on our veterans? |
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Definition
Sure, you can blow it off now. But you'll regret it when you're working 14 hour days 6 days a week to keep up with your governement-mandated patient quota.
Be a Patriot. Ask Questions. Demand Answers. |
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Term
| What are the two types of salivary gland tumors? |
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Definition
Major: parotid, submandibular, sublingual
Minor: in oral cavity. |
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Term
| This type of salivary gland tumor causes excrutiating pain due to its spread into perineural spaces and it malignant. |
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Definition
| Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma (AdCC) |
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Term
| Where do 80% of the salivary gland tumors occur? |
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Definition
Parotid Gland
Recall that parotid gland tumors can either be pleomorphic adenomas or Warthin tumors, both of which are benign. |
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Term
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Definition
This is a classic picture of a Pleomorphic adenoma. This will probabably be on the exam and path lab.
Note that it has epithelial and cartillage components and is decently cirumcribed except for where there is a "tongue-like" protrusion. This protrusion is outside the capsule and thus make enucleation less effective. This is why the entire gland must be removed. |
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Term
| ___________ ____________ ___________ is a tumor effecting the parotid gland in older, male smokers. Grossly you see an encapsulated mass with cystic spaces. Microscopically you see a double layer of epithelial cells surrounding a dense lymphocytic stroma. This tumor is benign. |
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Definition
Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum
Better known as Warthin Tumor
Even better known has Catroppo's Hero Tumor |
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Term
| This is not only the most common malignant tumor of all salivary glands, but its also the most common pediatric salivary gland tumor. It is usually induced by radiation. |
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Definition
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
This will stain postive on a mucicarmine stain.
If you see a t(11:19), the outcome will be better. |
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Term
| In this pathological condition, the hyoid bone must be removed and you will histologically see thyroid follicles. |
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Definition
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Term
| Your patient is college student named McStressin. He complains of an ulceration in his mouth. You see a red halo around the ulcer. What do you suspect? |
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Definition
| Apthous Ulcer, better known as a Canker Sore |
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Term
Our of the following two senarios, which one is HPV Positive?
1. Sexually contracted, younger patient, increase in p16, Basaloid cells. Decent prognosis
2. From tobacco and alcohol use, older patient, decrease in p16, p53 mutation, keratinoid cells, not a good prognosis. |
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Definition
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