Term
| Schizophrenia is a THOUGHT disorder. If your patient is exhibiting EXCESS/positive symptoms like hallucinations or delusions, what drugs would be appropriate to administer? |
|
Definition
| Chloropromazine, fluphenazine, trifluorperazine, and haloperidol. Note that these are the classical drugs that have many side-effects. |
|
|
Term
| Schizophrenia with negative symptoms such as Apathy, Ambivalence, blunted Affect, and loose Association are best treated with... |
|
Definition
| The newer drugs such as clozapine, respiridone, olanzapine, quetiapine. |
|
|
Term
| Name the two most commonly prescribed antischizophrenics. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In schizophrenia, where is there a functional EXCESS of dopamine in the brain? |
|
Definition
| In the limbic system. Recall that D2 receptor blockers would be best used here. |
|
|
Term
| In schizophrenia, where is there a REDUCED amount of dopamine in the brain? |
|
Definition
| Prefrontal cortex. This effect is responsible for the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. D2 and 5HT2 receptor blockers are useful here. |
|
|
Term
| Dispite the abnormalities in the limbic and preforntal cortex in schizophrenia, there is no abnormality in the tuberoinfundibular system. Thus if D2 receptor blockers are administered, what are some side effects? |
|
Definition
| Males will experience gynecomastia and females will experience galactorrhea. This is all caused by the inhibition of the release inhibitor of prolactin. |
|
|
Term
| Clozapine, Rispiradone, Olanzepine, Quetiapine all have what features in common? |
|
Definition
| They are all WEAK D2 receptor blockers as well as 5HT2 blockers. They are used preferentially to classical drugs. |
|
|
Term
| Name 4, Class 1 drugs that are used but not as frequently as the class 4 drugs. |
|
Definition
| Chlorpromazine, trifluroperazine, fluyphenazine, thioridazine. |
|
|
Term
| Neuroleptics are used in... |
|
Definition
| Schizophrenia, psycosis, intractible pain or hiccups, antiematic (due to D2 antagonism), and tourettes. |
|
|
Term
| What is an example of a neuroleptic that is converted to an active metabolite? |
|
Definition
| Thioridazine ---> mesoridazine |
|
|
Term
| Name a drug with a very low incidence of EPS. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| High affinity for D4 blockage but also blocks D2. Hence used to treat schizophrenia. |
|
|
Term
| Major toxicity of Clozapine... |
|
Definition
| Autonomic toxicity. This includes orthostatic hypotension and hyper salivation. FATAL AGRANULOSIS in 1% of patients which can lead to aplastic anemia. |
|
|
Term
| Clozapine is metabolized by which SPECIFIC liver enzymes (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. |
|
Definition
|
|
