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S3 Cells (2) - Glossary FC
glossary
20
Biology
Not Applicable
08/18/2024

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Term
catalyst
Definition
A substance which speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction without being changed or used up.
Term
enzyme
Definition
protein made by living cells that acts as a biological catalyst.
Term
protein
Definition
type of molecule that enzymes are made of
Term
substrate
Definition
the substance that an enzyme works on
Term
breakdown reaction
Definition
reaction that turns large molecules into smaller molecule
Term
synthesis reaction
Definition
reaction that turns small molecules into larger molecules
Term
control experiment
Definition
experiment done in an investigation done without the factor thought to cause the results
Term
temperature
Definition
factor that affects enzyme activity
Term
denatured
Definition
state of an enzyme that has been permanently damaged by being heated to temperatures over 40oC
Term
iodine
Definition
chemical use to test for starch (changes from brown to black if starch is present
Term
specific
Definition
term to describe the ability of an enzyme to act on only ONE type of substrate
Term
lock and key theory
Definition
idea (theory) that an enzyme and substrate molecules fit together because of their complementary shape
Term
independent variable
Definition
variable that is changed in an investigation
Term
dependent variable
Definition
variable that is measured as the results in an investigation
Term
controlled variables
Definition
must be kept constant to get valid results
Term
reliability
Definition
increased by repeating experiments to get more than one set of results
Term
aerobic respiration
Definition
chemical process that releases energy from food using oxygen
Term
glucose
Definition
fuel food containing energy (raw material for respiration and product of photosynthesis )
Term
oxygen
Definition
gas needed for efficient release of energy from food during aerobic respiration and waste product of photosynthesis
Term
carbon dioxide and water
Definition
waste products of aerobic respiration and raw materials of photosynthesis
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