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S3 Biotechnology
Glossary FCs
28
Biology
Not Applicable
01/23/2017

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Term
enzymes
Definition
proteins made by cells that speed up biochemical reactions without being used
Term
specific
Definition
feature of enzymes that means they only work on one substrate
Term
denatured
Definition
effect of high temperatures on enzymes
Term
optimum
Definition
the condition when an enzyme works best
Term
immobilised
Definition
enzymes held on gel or glass beads so that they can be used repeatedly
Term
lactase
Definition
enzyme that can be used to reduce the lactose level in milk
Term
increased yield
Definition
effect of cellulase on the yield of juice from fruit
Term
enzymes
Definition
what do biological washing detergents contain to digest stains
Term
clean clothes at lower temperatures
Definition
advantage of biological washing powder
Term
control
Definition
experiment done to compare the experimental results to
Term
fermentation
Definition
respiration without oxygen
Term
ethanol & CO2
Definition
products of fermentation in yeast
Term
yeast
Definition
a single celled fungus
Term
CO2
Definition
gas that makes bread rise
Term
ethanol
Definition
chemical in alcoholic drinks & fuel
Term
Independent
Definition
variable changed in an experiment
Term
Dependent
Definition
variable measured as results in an experiment
Term
Controlled
Definition
variables that must be kept the same for a fair test
Term
Lactic acid
Definition
produced by bacteria breaking down the lactose sugar in milk
Term
(Lactic) acid
Definition
makes milk sour and coagulate (thicken)
Term
Rennet
Definition
contains an enzyme used to speed up the coagulation of milk in cheese making
Term
Biofuel
Definition
fuel that is produced by contemporary biological processes
Term
Biogas (methane)
Definition
made by bacteria breaking down animal waste without oxygen
Term
Bioethanol
Definition
made by the fermentation of sugar by yeast
Term
Stem cells
Definition
are unspecialised cells that can divide to make new cells
Term
Tissue stem cells
Definition
make cells from one type of tissue
Term
Embryonic stem cells
Definition
can make any type of cell
Term
grow new skin cells for burn victims
Definition
exapmle of an application of stem cell technology
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