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1. Adolf Hitler Hitler was known for the heinous crime of genocide of the Jewish people. |
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| Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the Nazi Party. He was Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and dictator of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945[image] |
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| 2. Atheism During communist Russia, Atheism was enforced and churches were destroyed. |
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the belief that there is no god
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| 3. Benito Mussolini Benito Mussolini did not support democracy. |
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Definition
He organized veterans and other discontented Italians into Fascist Party; "il Duce": the boss
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| 4. Black Shirts Members of the Black Shirts were very violent people who hurt or even killed innocent civilians. |
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party militants and supporters of Mussolini who rejected the democratic process in favor of violent actions
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| 5. Bolsheviks The Bolsheviks became the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. |
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[image]A party of revolutionary Marxists, led by Vladimir Lenin, who seized power in Russia in 1917.
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| 6. Chancellor A chacellor is a head of a government or legal official. |
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in 1919, German leaders drafted a constitution in the city of Wiemar. It created the Wiemar Republic. The constitution set up a parliamentary system led by a Prime Minister; appointed by & reports to the President
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| 7. Cheka The Cheka terrorized people all throughout Russia. |
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secret police, formed by Lenin and the Bolsheviks: made arrests, tortured and executed thousands, took hostages in areas that favored the Whites, ran concentration camps, executed thousands, including the former Tsar Nicolas II and his family
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| 8. Collectives Peasants were forced to join Collectives. (collective farms) |
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Definition
Stalin wanted all peasants to farm on state-owned farms, or large farms owned by peasants as a group
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| 9. Comintern The goal of the Comintern was to spread communism throughout Europe and to get everyone to support it or 'believe ' in it.[image] |
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Definition
Lenin formed the Communist International, an association of Communist parties founded in 1919 by Russian Bolshevik leader Lenin, to promote the spread of the revolution and the preaching of communist principles throughout Europe.
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| 10. Command Economy The Command Economy was a success in Russia. |
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Definition
the Soviet Union developed a system in which the government officials made all basic economic decisions
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| 11. Fascism Benito Mussolini made Italy a country that believed in facism. |
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centralized, authoritarian government that is not communist whose polices glorify the state over individual and are destructive to basic human rights
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| 12. Führer Hitler named himself Fuhrer. |
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Definition
the unique name granted by Hitler to himself, german term meaning "leader" or "guide", Hitler modeled the title after Benito Mussolini's use of il Duce.
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| 13. Gestapo Anyone that was a threat to the Gestapo would be prosecuted. |
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Definition
German acronym for the German Secret State Police, part of the SS notorious for terrorism against enemies of the state.
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| 14. Gulag The Gulag faced many hardships in the labor camps. |
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Definition
grumblers, or critics of Stalin, were rounded up and sent to a system of brutal labor camps
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| 15. Karl Marx Karl Marx believed communism is the best type of government. |
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Definition
Often recognized as the "father of communism"; believed that communism would replace capitalism, believed in a classless society. (1818-1883)
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| 16. Joseph Stalin The "Man of steel" was a nickname given to Joseph Stalin. |
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Definition
Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition; "man of steel" (1879-1953)
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| 17. Kulaks The Kulaks owned their own land. |
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| 18. Lenin Lenin was the leader of the Octorber Revolution, one of the most violent upheavals in Russia. |
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Definition
Founded the Communist Party in Russia and set up the world's first Communist Party dictatorship. He led the October Revolution of 1917, in which the Communists seized power in Russia. He then ruled the country until his death in 1924.
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| 19. March on Rome The March on Rome took place from Oct. 22 to Oct. 29. |
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Definition
tens of thousands of fascists swarmed towards Rome. Fearing civil war, king Victor Emmanuel III asked Mussolini to form a government as Prime Minister
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| 20. Nuremburg Laws The Nuremburg Laws were created because of Hitler's hate for Jews. |
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Definition
in 1935, the Nazis passed these laws which deprived Jews of German citizenship and placed several restrictions on them, including: being prohibited from marrying non-Jews, attending or teaching at German schools, holding government jobs, practicing law or medicine, or publishing books
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| 21. Proletariat The Proletariat people in Russia worked to earn their money and worked for a living. |
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Marx's term for the exploited class, the mass of workers who do not own the means of production; the working class
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| 22. Ruhr Valley Ruhr Valley is located Germany. |
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in 1923, Germany fell behind in reparations payments so France occupied the coal- rich Ruhr valley
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| 23. Russification The process of Russification took place in Russia. |
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Definition
| making a nationalities culture more Russian |
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| 24. Socialist Realism Socialist Realism was a type of Propaganda artists were forced to use to glorify socialism, so that citizens would believe in and support it and not revolt. |
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Definition
Stalin required artists and writers to conform to a style in which the goal was to boost socialism by showing Soviet life in a positive light
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| 25. Soviets The Soviets in Russia were given benefits most citizens weren't given. |
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Definition
councils of workers and soldiers
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| 26. Totalitarian state Every single aspect of a citizen's life was regulated when Mussolini practiced rule by Totalitarian state. |
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Definition
Mussolini practiced the first form of government, a one party dictatorship that attempts to regulate every aspect of the lives of its citizens
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| 27. Third Reich The Third Reich is also known as Nazi Germany. |
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Definition
Hitler boasted that under his new empire the German master race would dominate Europe for a thousand years
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