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Moss/Rowlands Chapter 22
Plant Diversity
32
Biology
10th Grade
09/03/2014

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Term
Sporphyte
Definition
Diploid, or spore-producing, phase of an organism.
Term
Gametophyte
Definition
Haploid, or gamete-producing, phase of an organism.
Term
Bryophytes
Definition
Nonvascular plant: exampes are mosses and their relatives.
Term
Rhizoids
Definition
Long thin cell that anchor them in the ground and absorb water and minerals.
Term
Gemmae
Definition
Small multicellar reproductive structures.
Term
Antheridia
Definition
Male reproductive structure in some algae and plants.
Term
Archegonia
Definition
Female reproductive structure in some plants, including mosses and liverworts.
Term
Vascular Tissue
Definition
Specialized to conduct water and nutrients throughout the plant.
Term
Tracheids
Definition
Hollow plant cell in zylem tissue with thick cell walls that resist pressure.
Term
Xylem
Definition
Transport subsystem that carries water upword form the roots to every part of a plant.
Term
Phloem
Definition
Vascular tissue responsible for the transport of nutrients and the carbohydrates produced by photosynthesis.
Term
Roots
Definition
Underground organs that absorb water and minerals.
Term
Leaves
Definition
Photosynthetic organs that contian one or more bundles of vascular tissue.
Term
Veins
Definition
In plants -- A cluster of vascular tissue in leaves.
Term
Stems
Definition
Supporting structures that connect roots and leaves, carrying water and nutrients between them.
Term
Rhizomes
Definition
Creeping or underground stem in ferns.
Term
Fronds
Definition
Large leaf of a fern.
Term
Sporangia
Definition
Structure inferns and some fungi that contains spores.
Term
Sori
Definition
Cluster of sporangia on the underside of a ferm frond.
Term
Gymnosperms
Definition
Bear their seeds directly on the surfaces of cones.
Term
Angiosperms
Definition
Bear their seeds within a layer of tissue that protects the seed.
Term
Pollen Grain
Definition
Male gametophyte in seed plants.
Term
Pollination
Definition
Transfer of pollen from the male reproductive structure to the female reproductive structure.
Term
Seed
Definition
Embryo of a living plant that is encased in a protective coveringand surrounded by a food supply.
Term
Embryo
Definition
Organism in its early stage of development.
Term
Seed Coat
Definition
Surrounds an protects the embryo and keeps the contents of the seeed from drying out.
Term
Fruit
Definition
Wall of tissue surronding the seed.
Term
Monocots
Definition
Angiosperm whose seeds have one cotyledon.
Term
Cotyledon
Definition
First leaf or first pair of leaves produced by the embryo of a seed plant.
Term
Annuals
Definition
flowering plants that complete a life cycle within one growing season.
Term
Biennials
Definition
Angiosperms that complete their life cycle in two years.
Term
Perennials
Definition
Flowering plants that live for more than two years.
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