Term
|
Definition
| aka Health & Morals of Apprentices Act; Act by Parliament to improve conditions for apprentices working in the cotton mills; ventilation, cleanliness, limit hours for children, education, religion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process of shifting from hand tools to power machinery around 1800 in England. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| David Ricardo's theory that wages for poor working class needs to remain at lowest level to sustain life. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The time prior to Industrial Revolution where new inventions in farming produced food faster, cheaper, easier. Increase in food production led to population boom. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Early 19th century England art and architectural movement to revive medieval Gothic styles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Angry cottage industry workers who lost their jobs to machines so they secretly tried to destroy the machines |
|
|
Term
| John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) |
|
Definition
| (1806-1873); English philosopher and political economist who advocated for the freedom of the individual. Dubbed "The most influential English-speaking philosopher of 19th century." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1811-1882); French politician and "utopian socialist" who tried to find a solution to the pain caused by the industrial revolution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 18th century art and literature movement that emphasized inspiration, subjectivity, and the primacy of the individual |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Volk = common people; Volksgeist = national character in 19th century Germany |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1771-1858); Welsh industrialist and social reformer who founded cooperative communities, infant childcare in Great Britain; He paid more wages and created better working conditions in his factories |
|
|
Term
| Joseph Mazzini (1805-1872) |
|
Definition
| (1805-1872); "The beating heart of Italy." Italian politician, journalist and activist for the unification of Italy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1757-1836); Count of Artois; youngest brother of Louis XVI who became king when Louis XVIII died after the French Revolution. Known for failure of restoration of Bourbons. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| For our intents and purposes - 1794 & 1815; movements against the French Revolution after Louis XVIII came to power. Affiliation with govt of French Revolution or Napoleon resulted in arrest and execution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1815 tariff on imported grain in England to benefit the sales of domestic products (taxed corn) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Limited the length of a factory workday for children b/w ages 9 and 18 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prohibited underground mine work for all women as well as for boys under 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Workers can only work up to 10 hours @ a time |
|
|
Term
Chartists
The People's Charter |
|
Definition
| Reformers who wanted changes like universal male suffrage, the secret ballot, payment for members of parliament so that workingmen could enter politics. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1819; Carlsbad, Bohemia; resolutions adopted by ministers of German states to suppress liberal and national movements in Germany; led by Metternich! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1819; St. Peter's Field in Manchester where army opened fire on 60,000 men, women and children at a peaceful rally against the Corn Laws |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1825; unsuccessful uprising by Russian revolutionaries (upper classes and military officers) to prevent the accession of Nicholas I. The army wanted Constantine instead. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| aka Concert of Europe; European powers acting in harmony to repress nationalistic uprisings and maintain the status quo. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Act of Parliament that encouraged the large-scale development of workhouses. |
|
|
Term
| Louis Philippe (1773-1850) |
|
Definition
| 1773-1850; aka July Monarchy; King of the French from 1830-1848 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| areas of work provided for the unemployed by the French second Republic after the Revolution of 1848 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| May 1848- May 1849; tried to bring about a unified Germany with a liberal Constitution, civil rights, free elections, parliamentary debate... but failed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| system of centralized control @ the beginning of the reign of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria. Developed by Baron Alexander von Bach, an Austrian politician. Repress all nationalism. |
|
|
Term
| Declaration of the Rights of the German People |
|
Definition
| 12/27/1848; Humanitarian, high-minded document that spoke of rights of Germans not "man" |
|
|
Term
| Prussian Constitution of 1850 |
|
Definition
| January 31, 1850; issued by Frederick William |
|
|
Term
| British Reform Bill of 1832 |
|
Definition
| Act by Parliament that changed the electoral system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the customs of German states |
|
|
