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| using the wood of the bow on the strings |
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fixed idea
a motive that occurs in every movement |
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beautiful singing
emphasis on singing not accompaniment |
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| why do Mazurka by Chopin and The Moldau by Smetana show Nationalism |
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a mazurka is a polish peasant dance
The Moldau is a tribute to his country |
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| exoticism (pieces we studied?) |
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exemplifies the Romantic characteristics of love of far-off places
Puccini's Madame Butterfly, Carmen |
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| characteristics of Romantic symphony |
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chromatic melodies
harmony that was highly emotional and expressive
phrases that seem to never end or resolve
bigger orchestra and need a conductor |
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| thicker strings, soft pedal (una corda), iron soundboard, sustaining pedal (sostenuto) |
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| three ways of setting a poem to music |
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strophic - every verse has the same music
modified strophic - some same, some changed to reflect the words
through-composed - every verse has different music |
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| concert overture, incidental music, program symphony, symphonic poem |
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| piccolo, contrabassoon, tuba, saxophone, english horn |
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Franz Schubert
Lied
piano and voice
through-composed
four characters/one singer
narrator/father/child/elfking |
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johannes brahms
symphony
ternary form
two themes in the A section
poco allegretto |
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| The Valkyrie, Act III, closing of Scene 3 |
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Richard Wagner
music drama
second in cycle of four
part of the Ring cycle
4 1/2 hours
has leitmotifs |
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| Rigoletto, Act III, Quartet |
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Giuseppe Verdi
quartet
ensemble of 4 people with 4 different emotions
allegro, with agitated movement
dialogue between characters |
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Bedrich Smetana
symphonic poem
Ma Vlast (My Country)
nationalist piece about a river running through his country
river theme played by strings
hunting theme played by french horns |
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| Symphony No. 5 in C minor, Op. 67 |
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Beethoven
symphony
introduces three new instruments into the orchestra: trombones (3), contrabassoon, piccolo
uses motive in all four movements
transition from third to fourth movement without a break |
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