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Rollo May
3rd Personality Exam
8
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
04/12/2014
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Term
Existentialism
 Definition
  • Many existentialists emphasize a balance between freedom and responsibility.  
  • —People acquire freedom of action by expanding their self-awareness(getting to know themselves) &  assuming responsibility for their actions.  
  • This acquisition of freedom and responsibility is achieved at the expense of anxiety and dread. 
Term
Five Tennants of Existentialism
 Definition
  • —existence takes precedence over essence: —What you’re born with doesn’t dictate what you can do and achieve; focus on growth and process
  • existentialists oppose the artificial split between subject and object: —Subjective and objective can overlap; live authentically and genuinely
  •  stress people's search for meaning in their lives.  
  • insist that each of us is responsible for who we are and what we will become.  
  • most existentialists take an antitheoretical position, believing that theories tend to objectify people.
  •  
Term
Being and NonBeing
 Definition
  • A basic unity exists between people and their environments, expressed by the term Dasein - being-in-the-world.
  • —Three simultaneous modes characterize us in our Dasein:  
  • —Umwelt- environment around us
  • —Mitwelt- our world with other people
  • —Eigenwelt- our relationship with our self. 
  • —People are aware of themselves as living beings & aware of the possibility of nonbeing/nothingness. 
  • —Death is the most obvious form of nonbeing; can also be experienced as retreat from life's experiences.
Term
Anxiety
 Definition
  • —People experience anxiety when they become aware that their existence/something identified with it might be destroyed.  
  • The acquisition of freedom inevitably leads to anxiety, which can be either pleasurable and constructive or painful and destructive. 
Term
Normal Anxiety
 Definition
  • —Growth produces normal anxiety, defined as that which is proportionate to the threat
  • —does not involve repression, and can be handled on a conscious level.
Term
Neurotic Anxiety
 Definition
  • —Neurotic anxiety is a reaction that is disproportionate to the threat
  • leads to repression and defensive behaviors. 
  • Neurotic anxiety blocks growth and productive action.
  • —Surrender opportunity to learn, develop new values, etc.
Term
Intentionality
 Definition
  • —The structure that gives meaning to experience and allows people to make decisions about the future
  • —Permits people to overcome the dichotomy between subject and object bc it enables them to see that their intentions are a function of both themselves and their environment
  • Can be unconcious
Term
Freedom
 Definition
  • —Psychologically healthy individuals are comfortable with freedom, able to assume responsibility for their choices, and willing to face their destiny.
  • Freedom comes from an understanding of our destiny. 
  • We are free when we recognize that death possible at any moment &we are willing to experience changes even not knowing what those changes will bring.
  • two forms of freedom: (1) freedom of doing or freedom of action-existential freedom, and (2) freedom of being, conscious mind or an inner freedom-essential freedom
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