Minerals that fall out when 2 liquids mix during evaporating

• Minerals formed in water settle to bottom of lake or swamp
• ex: rock salt, most limestones

Remains of Plants and Animals

• ocean critters die and shells of calcite fall to ocean floor.
• ex: coal, fossil limestone

Fragments of other rocks

• Weathering away of preexisting rocks
• Conglomerate= pebbles and gravel cementer together.
• Sand cemented- sandstone
• all spaces not cemented- porous
• ex: shale, sandstone conglomerate

Breaking down of rocks into fragments

ex: water, wind, pollution, earthquakes, volcanoes, avalanches, animals, glaciers, ice

Shale

sit and clay pressed together

spaces so small impermeable

magma cooled deep in the earth

ex: granite

Extrusive/ Volcanic

long cooling time

larger grains

short cooling time

small grains

Stage 1=deep in crust crystals form but much is still liquid

Stage 2= Magma moves up towards surface and rock cools

Father of geology

"present is key to the past"