Term
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Definition
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Term
| Rocks are composed of minerals which are? |
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Definition
| naturally existing chemical compounds. |
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Term
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Definition
| naturally occurring substances...usually crystalline and solid |
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Term
| Rocks are classified based on ? |
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Definition
1. how they formed
2. their mineral composition. |
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Term
| rocks can be distinguished into many different types, based on their? |
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Definition
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Term
| List five ways we use rocks and minerals in our everyday life. |
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Definition
1.Toothpaste
2.cars
3.toilets
4.computers
5.phones |
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Term
| What are the three main types of rocks? |
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Definition
| Igneous, Metamorphic, and Sedimentary |
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Term
| Sedimentary rocks form by? |
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Definition
| cementation and compaction. |
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Term
| Sedimentary rocks are formed by the? |
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Definition
ongoing deposition of rocks and other sediments that are
cemented together. |
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Term
| Usually after burial, deposited sediment undergoes? |
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Definition
lithification (the processes that turn
sediment into a rock). |
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Term
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Definition
| cementation and compaction. |
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Term
| Coal is a black, sedimentary rock that is formed from? |
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Definition
| cementation and compaction. |
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Term
| Limestone, shale, and sandstone are all examples of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are 3 examples of sedimentary rock? |
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Definition
| Limestone, shale, and sandstone |
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Term
| Sediment from weathered rock is transported and deposited elsewhere such as? |
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Definition
1.the beach
2.delta
3.deep sea |
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Term
| name 3 places that sediment from weathered rock is transported and deposited? |
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Definition
1.the beach
2.delta
3.deep sea |
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Term
| The most abundant rock on Earth’s Surface is? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the most abundant rock on Earth’s Surface. |
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Term
| Igneous rocks are formed from? |
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Definition
| molten rocks that has cooled and hardened. |
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Term
| Magma (or Lava) cool and crystallize to form? |
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Definition
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Term
| name the two types of Igneous Rock? |
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Definition
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Term
| There are two types of Igneous Rock. |
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Definition
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Term
| Extrusive Igneous Rock is formed from? |
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Definition
| lava, which is on the surface. |
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Term
| Intrusive Igneous Rock is formed from? |
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Definition
| magma, which is below the surface. |
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Term
| What is the difference between magma and lava? |
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Definition
Lava is on the earth surface
magma is below the earths surface |
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Term
| Molten rock that flows on the surface of the Earth is? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| flows on the earths surface |
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Term
| Molten rock that is below the surface of the Earth is? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are many Igneous Rocks found? |
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Definition
| Divergent boundaries and volcanoes. |
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Term
| Igneous rocks are dominated by? |
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Definition
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Term
| Molten rock with lower amounts of silica__________________________________ |
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Definition
| flows faster than molten rock with higher amounts silica |
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Term
| If lava has more silica, it will??? |
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Definition
| move slower than lava with less silica. |
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Term
| Igneous rock undergoes weathering (or breakdown)to form? |
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Definition
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Term
| Of the three types of rocks, igneous rocks are the? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Stone Mountain granite is a relatively small granite pluton that covers an area less than? |
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Definition
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Term
| Stone Mountain is made of? |
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Definition
| granite and is an igneous rock. |
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Term
| Metamorphic rocks are formed by? |
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Definition
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Term
| As the metamorphic rock is buried more deeply__________________________ |
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Definition
| temperatures and pressures continue to rise. |
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Term
| what happens As the metamorphic rock is buried more deeply? |
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Definition
| temperatures and pressures continue to rise. |
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Term
| If the temperature becomes hot enough, a metamorphic rock will? |
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Definition
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Term
The molten rock is
called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Large amounts of metamorphic rocks are usually found underneath? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| heat up the surrounding rocks and form new metamorphic rocks. |
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Term
| Small amounts of metamorphic rocks are usually found near? |
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Definition
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Term
If the sedimentary rock is buried deep in the crust under more and more sediment, often due
to plate tectonic movements, the heat and pressure causes metamorphism to occur.This
transforms the sedimentary rock into? |
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Definition
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Term
| Igneous rocks can undergo metamorphism (as a result of heat and pressure) to form? |
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Definition
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Term
| Rocks at the Earth’s surface weather, forming sediments that are buried. These sediments are? |
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Definition
| compacted, heated, and often recrystallized into new rock. |
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Term
| The rock cycle explains how? |
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Definition
| one rock type can be transformed into another. |
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Term
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Definition
| continuous; it never ends. |
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Term
| Any rock type can undergo weathering to form? |
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Definition
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Term
| Igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks undergo? |
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Definition
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Term
| The beginning of the rock cycle is not possible to identify because it is? |
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Definition
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Term
| A fossil is a remnant or trace of an organism from the past, such as a? |
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Definition
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Term
| Fossils are embedded and preserved in the earth's? |
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Definition
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Term
| A Trace Fossil is a fossil of a? |
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Definition
footprint, trail, burrow, or other trace of an animal rather than
of the animal itself |
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Term
| A footprint of an ancient animal in a rock is called a ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Large animals occasionally became trapped in tar and become a? |
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Definition
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Term
Fossils, the remains of organisms preserved in sedimentary rocks, are part of the evidence
scientists use to? |
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Definition
| to infer changing conditions at the Earth’s surface through time |
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Term
| Oil and Natural Gas are formed from? |
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Definition
| ocean plankton that died millions of years ago. |
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Term
| Coal, Natural Gas, and Oil are all examples of? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Petrified wood forms when water with natural minerals slowly fills the pores of wood. Over
thousands of years the wood slowly decomposes leaving behind the minerals from the water.
The minerals harden and form? |
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Definition
| a rock that looks exactly like the original wood. |
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Term
| How much wood is actually located in petrified wood? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
how geologists have organized the entire history of the Earth in
chronological order |
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Term
| Superposition states that older layers of rock are? |
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Definition
| below younger layers of rock. |
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Term
| Radiometric dating is how geologists determine the age of rocks by? |
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Definition
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Term
| Radiometric dating is the most accurate way to? |
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Definition
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Term
Caves form from slightly acidic ground water slowly seeping through slightly basic rocks
underground. The acid slowly caused the rock to ? |
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Definition
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Term
Caves often form where ancient seas once existed. The seashells left behind for millions of
years form limestone and this rock reacts with acids in rain water to form? |
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Definition
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Term
| Caves have rock structures that look like giant icicles called? |
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Definition
| stalactites and stalagmites. |
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Term
| what forms on the ceilings of caves? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| form on the ceilings of caves |
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Term
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Definition
| form on the ground of caves. |
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Term
| what forms on the ground of caves> |
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Definition
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Term
| How do stalagmites and stalactites grow? |
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Definition
Water that has natural minerals floating inside
slowly drip from the ceilings of caves. Over thousands of years the minerals slowly harden. |
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Term
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Definition
the continuous process by which rocks are created, changed from one form to
another, destroyed, and then formed again |
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Term
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Definition
formed when magma or lava cools and hardens. Basalt and obsidian are
igneous rocks |
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Term
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Definition
formed from cooled and hardened magma inside the earth. These
typically have large crystals because they cool slowly |
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Term
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Definition
| formed from cooled and hardened lava on the surface of the Earth. |
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Term
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Definition
formed from particles of sand, shells, pebbles, and other fragments that
accumulates in layers and over a long period of time hardens into rock. Limestone is an example
of sedimentary rock |
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Term
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Definition
formed under the surface of the earth from the change that occurs due to
intense heat and pressure. Gneiss and marble are examples of metamorphic rock |
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Term
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Definition
a remnant or trace of an organism from the past, such as a skeleton or leaf imprint,
embedded and preserved in the earth's crust |
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Term
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Definition
a method of finding the age of items by determining the relative
proportions of particular radioactive isotopes present in a sample |
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Term
| The Law of Superposition - |
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Definition
A general law stating that in any sequence of sediments or rocks
that has not been overturned, the youngest sediments or rocks are at the top of the sequence and
the oldest are at the bottom |
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Term
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Definition
the continuous physical force exerted on or against an object by something in
contact with it |
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Term
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Definition
| hot fluid or semi fluid material (molten rock) below or within the earth's crust. |
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Term
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Definition
| Molten rock that flows on the surface of the eart |
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Term
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Definition
deposits of minerals that form into cave structures that emerging from the
ground and stand up like a traffic cone |
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Term
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Definition
deposits of minerals that form into cave structures that hang from the ceilings of
caves like icicles |
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Term
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Definition
| the fossilized resin from ancient trees |
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Term
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Definition
a natural element found within the Earth’s crust. The amount of silica in magma
determines the speed of the lava. An increase in the amount of silica in lava, slows the lava
down |
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Term
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Definition
a fossil of a footprint, trail, burrow, or other trace of an animal rather than of
the animal itself |
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Term
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Definition
the process of turning some plant material into stone by infiltration with water
carrying mineral particles without changing the original shape |
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Term
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Definition
a fossil that forms when plant material is buried by sediment, dissolves over
time, and sediment replaces the original plant material. |
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Term
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Definition
a natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the geological past from the
remains of living organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| the process that turns sediment into rock |
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