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| smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element, consisting of a nucleus containing combinations of neutrons and protons and one or more electrons bound to the nucleus by electrical attraction; the number of protons determines the identity of the element. |
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| one of a class of substances that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means. See also chart under periodic table |
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| the number at the top on an element block in the periodic table |
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| the number towards the bottom on the element block in the periodic table |
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| positively charged elementary particle that is a fundamental constituent of all atomic nuclei. It is the lightest and most stable baryon, having a charge equal in magnitude to that of the electron |
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| elementary particle having no charge, mass slightly greater than that of a proton, |
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| an elementary particle that is a fundamental constituent of matter, having a negative charge |
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| two or more forms of a chemical element, having the same number of protons in the nucleus, or the same atomic number, but having different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus, or different atomic weights. |
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| electrically charged particles formed in a gas by electric discharge or the like |
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| electrostatic bond between two ions formed through the transfer of one or more electrons |
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| bond formed by the sharing of a pair of electrons by two atoms. |
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| any substance that occurs in nature , usually inorganic |
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| you scratch it with your fingernial or a nail , scratch it on glass , scratch it on paper , see if it is shiny , look to see if it would break even , feel the texture , how would the edges feel if broken , decribe what colors you see |
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| a salt or ester of a cabonate acid |
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| salt or ester of sulfuric acid , compound of sulfur with a more electropositive element or, less often, a group |
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| chemical compound in which one of the elements is a halogen |
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| Any of 20 elements, such as copper, gold, and silver, which occur naturally uncombined in a nongaseous state; there are three groups—metals, semimetals, and nonmetals |
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| compound in which oxygen is bonded to one or more electropositive atoms |
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| any salt derived from the silicic acids or from silica. |
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| mineral matter of variable composition, consolidated or unconsolidated, |
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| sedimentary rock formation |
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| begins with igneous, metamorphic, or other sedimentary rocks. When these rocks are exposed at the earth’s surface they begin the long slow but relentless process of becoming sedimentary rock |
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| chemical vs. clastic sedimentary rock |
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| Clastic rocks are made up of particles of pre-existing rocks and minerals , chemical rocks are made of mineral crystals , made from elements that are dissolved in water . |
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| Compaction and Cementation |
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| changes sediment into sedimentary rock |
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| Metamorphic Rock Formation |
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| is formed from sedimentary, igneous , or metamorphic rock whose texture , structure or composition has changed do to heat or pressure |
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| foliation is the layered rock and nonfoliation is quartzite and marble do not display the banding or layering that are present in foliated rocks |
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| happen when sedimentary rocks are remelted |
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| Intrusive vs. Extrusive Igneous Rock |
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| intrusive is formed below the srface and extrusive is formed above the surface |
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| when the texture of a body of a rock are changed by exposure to the pressure and extreme tempature |
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| texture of rocks are changed over a wide area by deep burial and heating |
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| magma is still underground and lava is when it comes out of the volcano |
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