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| Chemical Sedimentary rocks - or Non- Clastic |
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| Type of sedimentary rock formed from minerals or due to evaporation |
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| A metamorphic rock with grains arranged in bands is this |
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| This is an igneous rock is made up of the minerals QUARTZ, mica, FELDSPAR, and hornblende |
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| Rock textures with grains that are large and easy to see |
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| pathway in which magma becomes sedimentary rock |
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| small particles of rock or the remains of living things that make up sedimentary rocks are called these |
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| rocks are made up ofa mixture of these |
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| process when sediments settle out of the water or wind that carries it |
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| If it becomes a sedimentary rock, gets pushed deep into the earths mantle and melts. |
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| Explain how a grain of sand can become lava some day |
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| Explain how coarse-grained igneous rock is formed |
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| Size, Shape, and position of grains make up a rocks _________________ |
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| humans mostly used rocks for this in the past |
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| the arrangement of grains |
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| geologists classify metamorphic rock according to this |
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| does a sedimentary rock have to become metamorphic rock before it can become magma |
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| explain how a metamorphic rock can become magma |
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| Sandstone, Shale, and breccia are examples of these types of sedimentary rocks |
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| Mineral most resistant to scratching, hardest mineral on MOH's scale of hardness |
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| Determines the composition on rocks |
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| Does each major group of rocks follow only one pathway in the rock cycle |
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| what type of rock is granite |
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First - LARGE mineral Grains...that fit tightly together
Second - made up of minerals including QUARTZ, FELDSPAR, Mica,and Hornblend
Third, almost all granite is igneous (it solidified from a fluid state) and plutonic |
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| almost all granite is igneous (it solidified from a fluid state) and plutonic (it did so in a large, deeply buried body or pluton). The random arrangement of grains in granite—its lack of fabric—is evidence of its plutonic origin. |
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| Explain how granite is formed |
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| Sedimentary rocks are the second great rock class. Whereas igneous rocks are born hot, sedimentary rocks are born cool at the Earth's surface, mostly under water. They usually consist of layers or strata, hence they are also called stratified rocks. Depending on what they're made of, sedimentary rocks fall into one of three types. |
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| Explain how organic sedimentary rocks are formed |
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| Igneous rock formed from lava that erupted onto earths surface is called this |
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| (it solidified from a fluid state) |
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| (it did so in a large, deeply buried body or pluton) |
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| ______are the second great rock class. Whereas igneous rocks are born hot, these rocks are born cool at the Earth's surface, mostly under water. They usually consist of layers or strata, hence they are also called stratified rocks. Depending on what they're made of, these rocks fall into one of three types. |
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| Whereas igneous rocks are born hot, __________ rocks are born cool at the Earth's surface, mostly under water. They usually consist of layers or strata, hence they are also called stratified rocks. Depending on what they're made of, sedimentary rocks fall into one of three types. |
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| Depending on what they're made of, sedimentary rocks fall into one of HOW MANY types. |
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| Clastic Sedimentary Rocks |
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| The most common set of sedimentary rocks consist of the granular materials that occur in sediment: mud and sand and gravel and clay. |
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| Sand is made of _______ , and mud is made of clay minerals. |
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| As these sediments are steadily buried over geologic time, they get packed together under pressure and low heat, not much more than 100°C. In these conditions the sediment is cemented into rock: sand becomes ______ and clay becomes shale. |
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| If gravel or pebbles are part of the sediment, the rock that forms is conglomerate. If the rock is broken and recemented together it is called ___________. |
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| Organic Sedimentary Rocks |
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| type of sediment actually forms in the sea as microscopic organisms — plankton — build shells out of dissolved calcium carbonate or silica. Dead plankton steadily shower their dust-sized shells onto the seafloor, where they accumulate in thick layers. These are called organic sedimentary rocks, although they're not made of organic material as a chemist would define it. |
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| limestone (carbonate) and chert (silica). |
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| Another type of sediment actually forms in the sea as microscopic organisms — plankton — build shells out of dissolved calcium carbonate or silica. Dead plankton steadily shower their dust-sized shells onto the seafloor, where they accumulate in thick layers. That material turns to two more rock types, ______ and _____. These are called organic sedimentary rocks, although they're not made of organic material as a chemist would define it. |
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| Another type of sediment forms where dead plant material builds up into thick layers. With a small degree of compaction, this becomes peat; after much longer and deeper burial, it becomes ________. ______ and peat are organic in both the geological and the chemical sense. |
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| Chemical Sedimentary Rocks or Non-Clastic |
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Definition
| These same ancient shallow seas sometimes allowed large areas to become isolated and begin drying up. In that setting, as the seawater grows more concentrated, minerals begin to come out of solution (precipitate), starting with calcite, then gypsum, then halite. The resulting rocks are certain limestones or dolomites, gypsum rock, and rock salt respectively. These rocks, called the evaporite sequence, are also part of the sedimentary clan. |
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| Underground Changes - All kinds of sedimentary rocks are subject to further changes during their stay underground. Fluids may penetrate them and change their chemistry; low temperatures and moderate pressures may change some of the minerals into other minerals. These processes, which are gentle and do not deform the rocks, |
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| forms when magma is trapped deep inside the Earth. it cools very slowly over many thousands or millions of years until it solidifies. Slow cooling means the individual mineral grains have a very long time to grow, so they grow to a relatively large size. Intrusive rocks have a coarse grained texture. |
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| (cementing, compacting, and hardening) |
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| _________________rock, which comes from the Greek to "change form," is formed by applying great pressure and temperature to existing rock converting it into a new distinct type of rock. |
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| Sedimentary rocks - (cemented sediment particles) |
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| Sedimentary rocks - (chemical precipitates or evaporites), |
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| Sedimentary rocks - (from organisms, e.g. coal). |
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