Term
| What is the biological action of Rifampin and what disease is it used to combat? |
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Definition
Rifampin blocks the RNA exit channel of RNA polymerase and prevents correct transcription.
Rifampin is used to treat Tuberculosis |
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Term
| What are the three types of prokaryotic RNA? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Sigma factor is the factor that allows RNA polymerase to join on the strand and begin synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
| prokaryotic DNA promoter site. Sigma factor binds to this and another promoter site (varies dependent on the gene) |
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Term
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Definition
| Site for initiation of RNA polymerase activity on a DNA strand |
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Term
| What determines when the RNA polymerase stops synthesizing? |
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Definition
| Secondary structure formed by interactions in the RNA strand. Furthermore sometimes (but not always) termination is dependent on Rho factor |
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Term
| Why does RNA synthesis have low fidelity copying? |
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Definition
| There is no 3'->5' endonuclease proofreading |
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Term
| In what direction does RNA synthesis occur? |
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Definition
| 5'->3' Direction. Note: synthesis can occur on both strands at the same time and as such is bidirectional but will never synthesize in the 3'->5' direction |
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Term
| Does RNA synthesis require a primer? |
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Definition
| No, synthesis occurs without the use of the primer. RNA does, on the other hand, need a promoter site and sigma factor |
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Term
| What is Watson-Crick Base pairing? |
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Definition
| This is when an RNA strand folds on itself and nucleotides base pair. This contributes to the 3D structure of RNA |
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Term
| What two mechanisms contribute to the 3D structure of RNA? |
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Definition
| Watson-Crick base pairing and non-traditional base pairing. |
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Term
| What is polycistronic mRNA? |
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Definition
| This is a segment of mRNA that codes for more than one protein |
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Term
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Definition
| A unit of measurement for the action of a partical under centrifuge. Used as the measurement of rRNA subunits |
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Term
| What is the prokaryotic stress response? |
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Definition
| This is a response by the organism under stress. The action is up regulation of specific Sigma Factors that then code for particular mRNA proteins used to deal with the stressor |
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Term
| What is the clinical relevance of Pseudomonas infection and RNA synthesis? |
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Definition
| Upregulation of a Sigma Factor, rpoH, associated with a higher prevalence of the mucoid phenotype of pseudomonas |
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