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a short, informal reference to a famous person or event
example: •You must borrow me Gargantua's mouth first. 'Tis a word too great for any mouth of this age's size. --Shakespeare |
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the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or sentences, commonly in conjunction with climax and with parallelism
example: •To think on death it is a misery,/ To think on life it is a vanity;/ To think on the world verily it is,/ To think that here man hath no perfect bliss. --Peacham |
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establishes a clear, contrasting relationship between two ideas by joining them together or juxtaposing them, often in parallel structure.
example: •That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind. --Neil Armstrong |
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substitution of one part of speech for another (such as a noun used as a verb)
example: Feel bad? Strike up some music and have a good sing. |
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interrupts the discussion or discourse and addresses directly a person or personified thing, either present or absent.
example: •O books who alone are liberal and free, who give to all who ask of you and enfranchise all who serve you faithfully!- Richard de Bury |
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a symbol, usually an image, which recurs often enough in literature to be recognizable as an element of one's literary experience as a whole.
example: Romeo from Romeo and Juliet is a classic example of the Lover archetype. |
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similar vowel sounds repeated in successive or proximate words containing different consonants
example: •Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father which is in heaven.-Matthew 5:16 (KJV) |
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consists of omitting conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses
example: They spent the day wondering, searching, thinking, understanding. (notice no "and" is used!) |
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a pause somewhere in the middle of a verse
example: Know then thyself /, presume not God to scan; The proper study of Mankind / is Man. |
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any emotional discharge which brings about a moral or spiritual renewal or welcome relief from tension and anxiety
example: when Oedipus Rex discovered that his wife was his mother and the person he had killed on the road was his father |
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what a word suggests beyond its basic definition
example: The words childlike and childish both mean 'characteristic of a child,' but childlike suggests the attributes of meekness and innocence. The denotation of a word is its dictionary definition whereas the connotation of a word is its emotional content. |
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the literal meaning of a word, the "Dictionary Defination"
example: a Stop Sign. The denotation is literally to stop, while the connotation means that there is a a risk ahead. |
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a character's choice of words.
example: To a friend- "a screw-up" To a child- "a mistake" To the police- "an accident" To an employer- "an oversight" |
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