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| when oxygen combines with another compound to form water and carbon dioxide. These reactions are exothermic, meaning they produce heat. An example of this kind of reaction is the burning of napthalene: |
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| when two or more simple compounds combine to form a more complicated one. These reactions come in the general form of: A + B ---> AB |
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| opposite of a synthesis reaction - a complex molecule breaks down to make simpler ones. These reactions come in the general form: AB ---> A + B |
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| This is when one element trades places with another element in a compound. These reactions come in the general form of: A + BC ---> AC + B |
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| This is when the anions and cations of two different molecules switch places, forming two entirely different compounds. These reactions are in the general form: AB + CD ---> AD + CB |
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| This is a special kind of double displacement reaction that takes place when an acid and base react with each other. The H+ ion in the acid reacts with the OH- ion in the base, causing the formation of water. Generally, the product of this reaction is some ionic salt and water: HA + BOH ---> H2O + BA |
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| Atoms want to have ________ electrons in their outer shell so that it will be stable |
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| This is called the __________________ rule (octet means a group of 8 things). |
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| Sodium wants to lose ________ electron, so that it will have 8 electrons in the new outer shell. |
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| Magnesium wants to lose ________ electrons so that it will have 8 electrons in the outer shell |
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the valence electrons are completelytransferred from one atom to the other atom.
Ionic bonds occur between metals and nonmetals
when there is a large difference in electronegativity. |
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the valence electrons are
shared as pairs between the bonded atoms. Covalent bonding occurs between non-metals. |
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the valence electrons are
shared among all of the atoms of the substance.
Metallic bonding occurs when metals bond to either
themselves or mixed with other metals in alloys. |
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