Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
optic
-vision
-pupillary reaction |
|
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Term
|
Definition
ocularmotor
-movement of eye and eyelid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
trochlear
-superior obligue eye muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
trigeminal
-temp
-pain
-tactile of face
-mastication |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
facial
-facial expression
-anterior 2/3 of taste on tongue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
vestibularcochlear
-hearing
-balance
(rinne test) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
glossopharyngeal
-swallowing
-palate elevation
-gustation
-posterior 1/3 taste on tongue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
vagus
-parasymothetic regulation of viseral organs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
accessory
-some muscles of shoulder and neck |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hypoglossal
-tongue movement |
|
|
Term
| bells palsy can be a complication of ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ should be started asap after the onset of bells palsy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-1-24 hrs
-pressing nonpulsatile
-bilateral
5:4 |
|
|
Term
migraine:
duration-
quality of pain-
location-
female:male |
|
Definition
4-72hrs
-pulsating w n/v, photophobia, phonophobia, worse w activity
-unilateral
3:1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
cluster headache:
duration-
quality of pain-
location-
female:male |
|
Definition
-15min-3 hours occuring in clusters
-steady, intense "hot poker" often w lacrimation, conjunctival injection, ptosis, nasal congestion
-behind one eye
female < male |
|
|
Term
headache meds:
TRIPTANS
used for-
action-
vasoconstrictor?-
risks- |
|
Definition
-migraines, some severe tension
-increase serotonin uptake
-yes- vasoconstictor
-risk serotonin syndrome |
|
|
Term
headache meds:
ERGOTAMINES
used for-
action-
vasoconstrictor?- |
|
Definition
-migraine only
-constriction of the intracranial extracerebral blood vessels
-yes-vasoconstrictor
- |
|
|
Term
headache meds:
NSAIDS
used for-
action-
vasoconstrictor?-
risks- |
|
Definition
-tension and migraine
-inhibib prostoglandin and leukotriene synthesis
-no vasoconstricotor
-gi upset |
|
|
Term
headache meds:
FIORICET
used for-
containes-
vasoconstrictor?-
risks- |
|
Definition
-migraine and tension
-tylenol, caffeine, butalbital
- no- vasoconstrictor
-rebound headache w frequent or excessive use |
|
|
Term
headache meds:
MIDRIN
used for-
contains-
vasoconstrictor? |
|
Definition
-migraine
-tylenol, vasoconstrictor, relaxant
-yes |
|
|
Term
headache meds:
EXCEDRIN MIGRAINE
used for-
contians-
vasoconstrictor?-
risks- |
|
Definition
-migraine and tension
-tylenol and caffeine
-no
-rebound headache |
|
|
Term
headache meds:
NEUROLEPTICS
used for-
vasoconstrictor?-
risks- |
|
Definition
-antiemetic for migraines
-no
-extrepyramital movements |
|
|
Term
headache meds:
SYSTEMIC CORTICOSTEROIDS
used for-
vasoconstrictor?-
max use time- |
|
Definition
-intractable/severe migraines and cluster
-no
-1 month |
|
|
Term
headache meds:
OPIODS
used for-
action-
vasoconstrictor?-
risks- |
|
Definition
-migraine rescue
-no
-dependance/abuse |
|
|
Term
| when should prophylactic therapy be used for any type of headache |
|
Definition
| if headache is frequent or with inadequate symptom relief |
|
|
Term
| what % reduction is the goal in headache prohpylacsis |
|
Definition
| 50% reduction in 2/3 of pts |
|
|
Term
| what are headache provoking meds |
|
Definition
estrogen
progesterone
vasodilators |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
worse in am when waking up
better thoughout day |
|
|
Term
| first line prophylactic for tension type headache |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
common pathogens in adult bacterial meningitis
streptococcus pneumonia- gram-
neisseria meningitidis- gram-
staphylococcus- gram-
haemophilus influenza- gram- |
|
Definition
-positive diplococci
-negative diplococci
-positive cocci
-negative coccobacilli |
|
|
Term
classic triad of bacterial meningitis in adults-
atypical presention- |
|
Definition
-fever - headache- nuchal rigidity
-older adult |
|
|
Term
pleocytosis defined-
expected finding in- |
|
Definition
-WBC >5 cells /mmᶾ
-bacterial, viral, tb, fungal, protozoal meningitis |
|
|
Term
| CSF opening pressure in lumbar puncture is _____ in meningitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
CSF in bacterial meningitis
WBC count-
____% neutrophils
glucose-
protein-
lymohocytosis - y/n |
|
Definition
1200 cells/mm
90-95%
reduced
-elevated
yes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| passive neck flexion=flexion of hips |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pt supine w hips at 90 degrees
-extending knees = resistance and pain to low back/post thigh |
|
|
Term
in meningitis caused by N.meningitidis
____ rash
% of cases |
|
Definition
purpuritis or petechial
50% |
|
|
Term
viral meninginits
severity-
onset-
skin rash- |
|
Definition
-less severe
-gradual
-rash is uncommon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
direct contact
resp droplet
(household like contact) |
|
|
Term
there are vaccination for meningitis serogroups __, __, __, __
no vaccine for serogroup__ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| chemoprophylaxis for meningitis |
|
Definition
oral cipro x1
IM ceftriaxone X1
oral rifampin BID X 2 days
vaccination |
|
|
Term
| tx for bacterial meningitis pending bacterial sensitivity results |
|
Definition
ceftriaxone w or w/o
vanco or ampicillin |
|
|
Term
| aseptic meningitis tx pending identification |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 vaccines for meningitis are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| recurrent chronic demyelinating disorder of CNS |
|
|
Term
MS s/s
general-
acute phase-
symptoms |
|
Definition
-focal neuro dysfunction
-worsen over days, last weeks, resolve partially/fully
-weaknessnumbness of limb, monocular vision loss, diplopia, vertigo, facial weakness/numbness, spinchter issues, ataxia, nystagmus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-relapsing remitting (RRMS)-85%-most progress to 2ndary progressive
primary progressive- |
|
|
Term
MS diagnostic
MRI-
CSF pleocytosis w/ |
|
Definition
MRI-demyelinating plagues
CSF-predominant monocytes |
|
|
Term
| interferon is used to ____ in RRMS (relapsing, recurring MS) |
|
Definition
| reduce frequency of exacerbations and long term disability |
|
|
Term
| parkinson disease defined |
|
Definition
| slow progressive movement disorder caused by alteration in dopamine containing neuronsof the pars compata of the substantia nigra |
|
|
Term
| common age for parkinsons onset |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
cardinal features to dx parkinson disease
T
R
A
P |
|
Definition
tremor at rest
rigidity
Akinesia/bradykinesia
postural instability
--tremor at rest or bradykineasia must be present-- |
|
|
Term
drugs used in early parkinsons
-action- |
|
Definition
requip
mirapex
-dopamine agonist |
|
|
Term
| drug used in later parkinson |
|
Definition
levodopa
or
levodopa with carbidopa (sinemet) |
|
|
Term
levodopa
action-
use-
side effect- |
|
Definition
-metobolic precursor to dopamine
-late stage parkinos symptom releif
-dyskinesia |
|
|
Term
absence seizure (petit mal)
loss of consciousness?
description-
duration-
age onset- |
|
Definition
-blank stare for 3-50 seconds w brief impaired loc
-automatisms lip smacking / rapid eye blinking)
-5-30 seconds
-3-15 y/o |
|
|
Term
myoclonic seizure
loss of consciousness?
description-
age of onset- |
|
Definition
-awake or momentary loc
-one or more muscle groups have brief jerking contractions of limbs/trunk, may fling pt
age onset 2-7 years |
|
|
Term
tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizure
aura?
loss of consciousness?
description-
duration-
age onset-
possible causes- |
|
Definition
-aura-yes
-complete loss of conciousness
-bilat muscle rigidityfollowed by cyanosis and rhythmic jerking, possible bowel/bladder inc
-3-5 min
-any age
-may be related to brain tumor, head injury, etoh wdrawl |
|
|
Term
simple partial (focal or jacksonian
loss of consciousness?
description-
duration-
age onset- |
|
Definition
-no loc
-twitching of one limb or body part
-seconds to minutes
-age onset 3-15yrs |
|
|
Term
complex partial seizure
aura?
loss of consciousness?
description-
duration-
age onset- |
|
Definition
aura-unusual smell, taste, visual/auditory hallucinations, gi upset
-vague stare/impaired consciousness
-facial movenments, muscle contraction/relaxation, posturing on one side
-minutes
-any age |
|
|
Term
| result of phenytoin and theophylline use together |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| result of oral contraceptives and carbamazepime use together |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-numbness, weakness, flaccidity, visual changes, ataxia, dysrthria
-resove minutes to 24 hrs |
|
|
Term
stroke causes by %
cerebral ischemia-
cerebral hemmorage-
subarachanoid hemmorage/aortic disection- |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
aricept
cognex
exelon
namenda
-all have different mech of action and can be used together |
|
|
