Term
Philadelphia "because you have kept my word Ill keep you from hour of trial"
ASSESSMENT ARGUMENT |
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Definition
| 1. other churches had been persecuted unto death and they didn't receive this promise 2. thomas' argument is ridiculous--promise of persevere is no promise but promise of return in 1900 years is? 3. promise is not that they'll escape trial but endure it b/c of Christ's sustaining power which is coming soon 4. Neither pate nor thomas look at JOhn 17 "i ask that you not take them out but protect them from evil one" |
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Term
| Revelation 4:1-3 John is taken up to heaven ARGUMENT FOR RAPTURE |
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Definition
1. Connect trumpet with the trumpet in 1 Thess 4:16
2. Point out the term church in Revelation isn't used again til end of book |
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Term
| Revelation 4:1-3 John is taken up to heaven ARGUMENT AGAINST RAPTURE |
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Definition
| 1. The voice in rev. is not a trumpet it's like a trumpet 2. the word "church" is used in rev. only to refer to individual congregations but the terms "saint" and "redeemed" are used & connected to the church 3. Being "in the spirit" reflects Ezekiel's rapture in the spirit--not physical rapture before trib |
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Term
| 24 elders on 24 thrones are angels |
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Definition
| 1. Johnson angels--elders do things angels do (present our prayers to God; interpret heavenly visions) but angels aren't called elders, nor wear crowns/white clothing/sit on thrones |
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Term
| 24 elders on 24 thrones are exalted OT saints |
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Definition
| OT saints did mediatorial functions and there are OT ties to # 24 (priests, LEvites, etc) |
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Term
| 24 elders on 24 thrones are heavenly representatives of all saints both of the 12 tribes and 12 apostles (WINNER) |
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Definition
| the angels represent the churches so the elders represent the redeemed of both testaments |
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Term
| 24 elders on 24 thrones are only patriarch and apostles |
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Definition
| have a hard time....... making a case for this argument ;) haha |
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Term
| 24 elders on 24 thrones are 24 books of the OT |
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Definition
| used to be only 24 holy scriptures |
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Term
| 24 elders on 24 thrones are NT church which has been raptured |
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Definition
| the elders have angelic features; why not 12 elders since there were only 12 apostles |
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Term
| What's the scroll/book in Revelation 5? |
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Definition
| 1. Book of life--theme but no indication that's whats on the scroll 2. The Old Testament- -blessings/curses of OT are fulfilled in Christ but Daniel&Ezekiel which correlate don't symbolize OT but decreed events of judgment 3. Divorce Bill folded and signed on other side by witnesses (christ divorcing apostate Jerualem & marrying New Jeru)--no divorce in Revelation 4. It contains God's plan of judgment/redemption which has been set in motion by Christ's death and resurrection but has yet to be completed |
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Term
| The scroll in Revelation 5 in the form of a last will and testament |
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Definition
| 1. various contracts in ancient world were sealed with 7 seals/7 witnesses; seals insure authenticity 2. Book is a testament of inheritance to be received--God promised Adam he'd reign over world but Adam forfeited that promise; Christ the last Adam inherits what Adam lost |
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Term
| Debate about the 1 horsemen in Revelation 6; RIDER AS JESUS/TRIUMPH OF GOSPEL |
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Definition
| 1. Rev. 16 Christ has diadems on his head and rides a white horse 2. Color white in Rev. is connected with holiness of God, Christ, or saints 3. No specific woe connected to this rider 4. Christ conquers elsewhere in Revelation |
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Term
| Debate about the 1 horsemen in Revelation 6; RIDER AS SATANIC RIDER |
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Definition
| 1. Language of conquering elsewhere is used of the beast oppressing Christians 2. Horse in Zech are all of same nature; Targum on Zech identifies 4 horsemen as evil angels of evil empire 3. Rev. portrays Satan deceiving by imitating Christ's appearance 4. Olivet discourse-the prophecy of false Christs/prophets who will come in Christ's name to mislead 5. Shared identity indicated by 5 literary parallels in the 4 seals, each in the same order 6. In Rev. 9:7 demonic agents of judgment are likened to horses prepared for battle with crowns on their heads (7. 4 horsemen for quartet distinct from other 3 seals that parallels the way the 4 trumpets and 4 bowls are separated from the last 3 of each) |
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Term
| The 1st rider as a satanic force attempting to defeat and oppress believers spiritually |
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Definition
| introduces the concept of war/conquest in general which will be seen in the 3 other horsemen; plagues have spiritual dimension |
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Term
| reasons why "slain"/"killed" in Revelation 6:9 could be figurative |
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Definition
1. Romans 8 uses "death"/"slaughtered" figuratively
2. Rev 20 talks about souls of the "beheaded" but is referring to all believers 3. The use of "overcome" metaphor in Rev. 2&3 when only few had tasted death but were still encouraged to overcome 4. Many other cases of figurative sacrificial martyr language in NT |
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Term
| The seal in Rev. 7 as a protection from physical harm |
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Definition
| God sealed them from physical harm to preserve a remnant of witnesses from tribulation so they can witness |
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Term
| The seal in Rev. 7 as a sealing of their faith/protection from spiritual harm |
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Definition
| 1. guarantees we won't lose out faith during the tribulation 2. Ezekiel 9 background--genuine believers are marked by angel 3. Protective function of the seal--only harm those who don't have God's seal on their forehead 4. God protects his servants to insure that the woes of 4 horsemen purify us 5. Seal is connected with the 144,000--the redeemed 6. Parallel is Psalms of Solomon--"mark of God" & "mark of destruction" 7. Seal as authentication/shows genuineness of our faith and God's ownership of us as his servants 9. mark of beast = name of beast so seal = name of God 10. Seal empowers 144,000 to do their witnessing role 11. community redeemed in ch.7 is same as ch. 14--verbal parallels & similar ideas expressed 12. NT says Christians are sealed with the Holy Spirit |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. Thomas & Walvord take # literal ethnic Jews 2. But # is figurative and represents the complete # of God's people J&G 3. New Jerusalem--12 tribes and 12 apostles 4. City walls are 12,000 long and 144 thick 5. List of tribes (judah first =Christ as fulfillment; unique list encourages figurative interpretation) 6. 10 northern tribes lost their ethnic identity w/ Assyrian exile & judah/benjamin lost theirs in 70 AD 7. literal view causes problems with OT allusions concerning the enemies of God's people 8. Bauckham argues 144,000 description is similar to OT census which was done to see who was available to fight battle |
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Term
| Reasons why the 144,000 and the great multitude are the same group of people |
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Definition
| 1. rev. 7:3-8 pictures church as restored remnant whose salvation is guaranteed cause they're sealed--god knows the exact # and the number is a collection of a multitude. 2. Rev. 7:9-17 understands same group but from the standpoint of their vast number; they're a collection of ppl from all over world & from entire church age 3. latter group fulfills Isaiah & Ezekiel prophecies 4. all unbelievers have satanic mark which implies all other ppl receive divine seal not just the Jews |
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Term
Silence of 7th seal as divine judgment
OT CONTEXT |
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Definition
| 1. Babylon and Israel are silent b/c of God's judgment against them 2. I Sam "wicked are silenced in darkness" bc Lord will judge ends of the earth 3. Hab & Zech--Lord in his temple executing judgment on ungodly and all earth/flesh respond in silent awe |
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Term
| Silence of 7th seal as divine judgment JEWISH WRITINGS |
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Definition
| 1. 4 ezra-end of history will be silent before final judgment 2. Song of Moses--in response to God's judgment all creation will be silent 3. Hab commentary--silence the day of judgment 4. targums hab, zech, zeph, interpret silence of texts as destruction of wicked 5. palestinian targum--moses announces curses on israel they responded in silence 6. Jewish tradition associates silence w/ israel's defeat and redemption at red sea |
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Term
| silence represents judgment in 7th seal |
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Definition
| 1. silence as indication God's heard the saints' prayers 2. silence to hear the cries for final judgment 3. angels in silent awe of judgment 4. silent bc God is going to make an announcement |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. In OT indicated: warning to repent, judgment, victory, enthronement of Israel's king, eschatological judgment/salvation or gathering of God's ppl 2. NT trumpet indicates 2nd coming of Jesus 3. Trumpets in Rev seen as God's sovereign control over history 4. OT trumpets announced holy battle to be fought--JERICHO |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. 7 priest blow 7 trumpets--7 angels blow 7 trumpets 2. Before walls fell there was silence (silence&judgment) 3. Destruction of Jericho prefigures destruction of Babylon in Rev. 4. 6 trumpets at Jericho announced the judgment to come on the 7th day-- 6 trumpets in Rev. preliminary judgments to final judgment |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. 4th trumpet is logical climax since darkness is figurative of unbelievers' spiritual separation 2. plague of darkness is connected with demonic 3. Each trumpet attacks different part of creation--God is destroying creation to replace it with a new heavens &earth 4. exodus plagues are typological foreshadowing of trumpet plagues 5. figurative nature of 4 trumpets is seen in John's use of "something like" and the impossibility of the events and Wisdom of Solomon takes them figuratively 5. end of rev. John warns plagues will happen to those who add/subtract to book--John sees plagues as ongoing |
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