Term
| 2 types of vitreal hemorrhages |
|
Definition
Retrovitreous
Intravitreous |
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|
Term
| Another term for Pre-Retinal Hemorrhages, based on their shape |
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Definition
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Term
| Color changes with resolution of a pre-retinal heme |
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Definition
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|
Term
| FANG appearance of a pre-retinal heme |
|
Definition
| Black area due to blockage of choroidal fluorescein |
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|
Term
| Dot/Blot hemes/Deep Retinal Hemes are found in which layers? (3) |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Pre-retinal hemes are usually caused by ______________ (vessel)based disease |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Deep Retinal hemes are usually associated with ________________- (vessel) based disease |
|
Definition
| Venous based congestive disease |
|
|
Term
| Subretinal hemes are between which layers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Differentiate color appearance in a subretinal heme vs. Sub-RPE |
|
Definition
Subretinal=bright red
Sub-RPE=gray, green |
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|
Term
| Common cause of subretinal hemorrhages |
|
Definition
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Term
| Name 4 possible substances thought to be the white in the center of a Roth spot |
|
Definition
WBCs
CWS
Leukemic cell foci
Fibrin |
|
|
Term
| Name 4 conditions associated with Roth Spots |
|
Definition
DM
Pernicious Anemia
Bacterial Endocarditis
Leukemia |
|
|
Term
| How do microaneurysms affect vision |
|
Definition
| No impact on vision unless near the macula |
|
|
Term
| What may occur secondary to a retinal macroaneurysm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Appearance of Macroaneurysm on FA |
|
Definition
| Fills in the arterial phase, then late stage leakage |
|
|
Term
| Macroaneurysm follow up time if asymptomatic and there are no exudates or hemorrhages |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Macroaneurysm follow-up time if asymptomatic but there is exudate/hemorrhage |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Macroaneurysm follow up if symptomatic and it threatens the macula |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Clinical term for lipid deposits associated with deep retinal edema |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Hard exudates are associated with these 3 conditions |
|
Definition
1-CNVM
Intra-retinal EDEMA
Retinal Vascular tumors (Coat's) |
|
|
Term
| At what point do hard exudates warrant a retinal consult and FA |
|
Definition
| if within 1/3DD from the macula |
|
|
Term
| How do Cotton wool spots appear on FA |
|
Definition
| Non-distinct black shape on FA |
|
|
Term
| Assuming the cause is under control, approx how long will it take for a CWS to resolve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Intra-retinal Microvascular Anomalies |
|
|
Term
| ___________________tends to leak and bleed whereas IRMA does not |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Which vascular 'condition' represents and intraretinal shunting system in an attempt to drain fluid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What areas may IRMA develop in |
|
Definition
| Areas with severe capillary non-perfusion |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| A _________________ is a new BV between either 2 arteries or between 2 veins |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| A _________________ is a new BV between an artery and a vein |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which is more fragile, neo vascularization or shunts/collaterals |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| A main differential between congenital and acquired tortuosity |
|
Definition
Congenital=all quadrants
Acquired=sectoral |
|
|
Term
| Term for bulges in the wall of a vein that indicates ischemia |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| In fluorescein angiography, the sodium binds to what substance in the blood |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Name 5 potential side effects of FANG |
|
Definition
Discolored urine/skin
nausea/vomiting
fainting
shock
hives/itching |
|
|
Term
| Why does the macula hypofluoresce compared to the rest of the retina in FA |
|
Definition
| The RPE is more dense at the macula |
|
|
Term
| If the cilioretinal artery is present, in what FANG phase will it fill? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How soon before retinal filling does the choroidal flush occur in FANG |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vessels empty but leaked fluid remains visible during this phase of the FANG |
|
Definition
| during the late phase, 10 min post-injection |
|
|
Term
| Which phase of FANG is best to view FAZ |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Name 5 medications that create risk for NAAION |
|
Definition
ED meds
Amiodarone
Nasal decongestants
Interferon
Antihypertensives |
|
|
Term
NAAION is a ___________sized vessel disease whereas AAION affects ___________________
and _____________________sized arteries |
|
Definition
NAAION=small
AAION=medium and large |
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