Term
|
Definition
- abnormal reduction in pulmonary ventilation
- volume of air moving in and out is reduced
- not a disease |
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Term
|
Definition
- compliance decreased
- lung volumes and capacities decreased
- 5-25% increase in work of breathing |
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|
Term
|
Definition
- tachypnea, hypoxemia, decreased breath sounds, decreased lung volumes, decreased diffusion capacity, cor pulmonale, pulmonary hypertensiojn
- dyspnea, cough, weight loss, muscle wasting |
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Term
|
Definition
- agenesis: absence of bronchus and lung parenchyma
- aplasia: rudimentary bronchus
- hypoplasia: limited development
- respiratory distress syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Respiratory Distress Syndrome |
|
Definition
- hyaline membrane disease: prematurity or lack of maturation
- surfactant abnormalities
- Rx: surfactant replacement therapy, ECMO, steroids before birth |
|
|
Term
| Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis |
|
Definition
- inflammatory process in alveolar walls
- patchy focal lesions => fibrotic areas
- Rx: steroids, nutrition, treat infection, lung transplant |
|
|
Term
| Coal Workers Pneumoconiosis |
|
Definition
- interstial disease
- repeated coal inhalation
- Rx: cessation of exposure, nutrition, adequate oxygenation and ventilation, progressive exercise |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- diffuse interstitial fibrotic disease
- long latency period after exposure 15-20 yrs
- Rx: disease progression even with stopped exposure, symptomatic support |
|
|
Term
| Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia |
|
Definition
| - chronic pulmonary syndrome in neonates who have been on O2 or ventilated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- fibrotic disease of small airways
- restrictive + obstructive lung dysfunction
- peds: viral infection
- adult: toxic fume inhalation
- necrosis of lung tissue
- Rx: peds- supportive, steriods; adult- O2, fluid balance, steriods |
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Term
|
Definition
- incomplete expansion of lung or loss of volume
- obstructive, scar, compression
- x-ray shows opacification
- Rx: deep breathing, incentive spirometry, coughing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- inflammation in lung tissue
- begins as infection of lower respiratory tract
- bacteria (fluid) and virus (cloudy)
- Rx: drugs, O2, vents, postural drainage, airway clearance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- cause = lung injury from trauma, aspiration, drugs, inhalation, metabolic, pneumonia
- severe hypoxemia
- increased permeability of alveolar capilary membrane
-Rx: treat precipitating cause, support gas exchange, nutrition, rx complications |
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Term
|
Definition
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