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| Functions of Respitory System |
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Definition
1) Provides for gas exchanged
2) Helps regulate blood pH
3) Contains receptors for the sencse of smell, filters inspired air, and produces sounds for vocalization |
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| Includes the nose, pharynx and associated structures |
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| Includes the larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs |
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| Series of interconecting cavities and tubes both outside and within the lungs that filter, warm and moisten air and conduct it into the lungs |
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| Tissue within the lungs where gas exchange occurs |
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| A specialist in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the lungs |
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| 2 openings on the undersurface of the external nose |
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| 2 openings where the internal nose communicates with the pharynx |
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Frontal-above eyes
Sphenoidal-behind
Maxillary- below
Ethmoidal- between |
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| A canal that transports the lacrimal secretion(tears) from nasolacrimal sac into the nose |
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| Verticle partition that divides the nasal cavity into right and left sides |
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| Forms the anterior portion of the nasal septum |
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| A mucous lined cavity on either side of the nasal septum that opens onto the face at the external nares and onto the nasopharynx at interior nares |
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| Anterior portion of the nasal cavity, surrounded by cartilage |
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| Bipolar neuron with its cell body lying between supporting cells located in the mucous membrane lining the superior portion of each nasal cavity, transduces odor into neural signals |
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Term
| Superior, Middle, Inferior Meatus |
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Definition
| Series of groove like passageways that subdivide each side of the nasal cavity |
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Definition
| Nose Job, a surgical prodedure in which the structure of the external nose is altered |
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Definition
| Diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the ears, nose and throat |
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| Superior portion of the pharynx, lies posterior to the nasal cavity and extends to the plane of the soft plate |
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| Intermediate portion of the pharynx, lies posterior to the noral cavity and extends from the soft plate inferiorly to the level of the hyoid bone |
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Definition
| openings from the mouth, only opening in oropharynx |
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Definition
| Inferior portion of the pharynx, begins at the level of the hyoid bone |
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| Adam's Apple, 2 fused plates of hyaline cartilage, anterior wall of the larynx, hormones make males larger |
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Definition
| Large, leaf shaped piece of elastic cartilage lying on top the larynx, attached to the thyroid cartilage and its unattached portion is free to move up and down to cover the glottis during swollowing |
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| The vocal folds(true vocal chords) in the larynx plus the space between them(rima glottidis) |
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| Space between the vocal folds |
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| Ring of hyaline cartilage that forms the inferior wall of the larynx |
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| A pair of small, pyramidal cartilages of the larynx that attach to the vocal folds and intrinsic pharyngeal muscles and can move the vocal folds |
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| Horn-shaped pieces of elastic cartilage, located at the apex of each arytenoid cartilage |
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Definition
| Club-shaped elastic cartilages anterior to the corniculate cartilages, support vocal folds and lateral aspects of the epiglottis |
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| An opperation to make an opening into the trachea, obstruction superior to larynx level |
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| A tube is inserted into the mouth or nose and passed inferiorly through the larynx and trachea, firm wall of tube pushes aside flexible obstructions and tube provides a passageway for air |
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Term
| Right/Left Primary Bronchus |
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Definition
| Main branches off of tracea |
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| Internal ridge where the trachea divides into right and left bronchus |
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| Division of primary bronchus into smaller bronchi |
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| Division of secondary bronchis into smaller bronchi |
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| Division of tertiary bronchi |
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| Smaller tubes that branch into the smallest bronchiole |
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| Extensive branching from the trachea resembling an inverted tree |
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| Superficial layer lines the wall of the thoracic cavity |
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| Deep layer and covers the lungs themselves |
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| Deep layer and covers the lungs themselves |
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| lubricates layers, allowing them to slide over each other while breathing |
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| Microscopic branches, subdivision of terminal bronchioles |
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| Respiratory bronchioles subdivide into several of these |
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| Little blood vessels feeding and coming away from the alveoli |
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| Cup-shaped outpouching lined by simple squamous epithelium and supported by a thin elastic basement membrane |
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| 2 or more alveoli that shape a common opening |
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| Predominent cells, simple squamous epithelium cells that form a nearly continuous lining of the alveolar wall (main gass exchange site) |
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| Fewer in #, found between type 1, cuboidal epithelial cells, secrete alveolar fluid, keeps surface between cells and air moist |
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| complex mixture that lowers surface tension of alveolar fluid, reduces tendency of alveoli to collapse |
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| Wandering phagocytes that remove fine duxt particles and other debris in the alveolar spaces |
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| cosisting of alveolar wall and its basement membrane and a capillary endothelium and its basement membrane through which the diffusion of respitory gases occur |
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| communicable disease that most often affects the lungs, bacteria multiply and cause inflammation symptoms: fatigue, weight loss... |
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| RDS(Respitory distress syndrome) |
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Definition
| Form of respitory failure characterizd by excessive leakiness of respiratory membranes and sever hypoxia(deficiency) |
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| SIDS(Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) |
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Definition
| Death between 1 week and 12 months old, due to hypoxia while sleeping in prone position and rebreathing of exhaled air trapped in a depression of the mattress |
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| (Common Cold)Sneezing, excessive nasal secretion, dry cough and congestion |
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| Chills, fever, headache, and muscular aches, coldlike symptoms appear as fever subsides |
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| Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces and alveoli of the lungs, symptoms=weezing, restlessness, felling of suffocation, excesive persperation |
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| Acute infection or inflammation of the alveoli, receded by upper respiratory infection, then develope fever, chills, dry cough, chest pain, difficulty breathing and spitting blood |
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| leading cause of cancer death in men and females, at diagnosis cancer is usually well advanced |
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| an inherited disease of secretory epithelia that affects the airways, liver, pancreas,small intestine and sweat glands |
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| Spitting blood from respitory tract |
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| Disorder characterized by excessive sevretion of bronchial mucus and sccompanied by a productive cough |
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| Painful or labored breathing |
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| Presence of air in the intrapleural space; reversed by closing the "hole" and drawing air out of the intrapleural space with chest tubes |
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| Sounds sometimes heard in the lungs that resemble bubbling/rattling |
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| Apparatus used to assist or support bentilation or to provide nebulized medication to the air passages |
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| Chronic or acute inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose |
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| Disorder, chronic airway inflammation, airway hypersensitivity to a variety of stimuli and airway obstruction that is at least partially reversible |
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Definition
| Disorder, destruction of walls of alveoli, producing abnormally large air spaces that remain filled with aire during exhalation, O2 diffusion is reduced so O2 level is blood decreases and any exersize requiring O2 causes breathlessness |
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Definition
| Disorder in which a person repeatedly stops breathing for 10 or more seconds while sleeping, usually caused by loss of muscle tone in pharyngeal muscles allows airway to collapse |
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Definition
| Disorder in which a person repeatedly stops breathing for 10 or more seconds while sleeping, usually caused by loss of muscle tone in pharyngeal muscles allows airway to collapse |
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