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Respiratory
Medical Nutrition Terminology
69
Medical
Undergraduate 4
10/02/2012

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Term
alveoli
Definition
clusters of air sacs at the end of the bronchial tree
Term
anoxia
Definition
without oxygen
Term
apex of lung
Definition
upper portion of the lung (above the collarbone)
Term
apnea
Definition
temporarily not breathing
Term
asphyxiation
Definition
suffocation
Term
auscultation
Definition
listening to the sounds made my various body structures and functions as a diagnostic method, usually with a stethoscope
Term
base of lung
Definition
lowest part of the lung, resting on the diaphragm
Term
bronchi
Definition
main branches leading from the trachea to the lungs for air movement
Term
bronchial tree
Definition
branching of the bronchus after entering the respective lung
Term
bronchioles
Definition
smaller divisions of the bronchial tree
Term
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Definition
condition characterized by obstruction to the airflow
Term
cyanosis
Definition
bluish discoloration of skin and mucous membranes caused by insufficient oxygen in the blood
Term
croup
Definition
condition seen in children and marked by obstruction and barking cough
Term
diaphragm
Definition
chief muscle of respiration
Term
dysphagia
Definition
difficulty in swallowing
Term
dysphonia
Definition
difficulty in speaking; hoarseness
Term
dyspnea
Definition
shortness of breath
Term
emphysema
Definition
disease characterized by destruction of alveoli which significantly affects pulmonary function
Term
epiglottis
Definition
leaflike structure that opens and closes over the glottis during swallowing
Term
expectorant
Definition
an agent that promotes loosening of secretions
Term
expectoration
Definition
act of spitting out saliva or coughing up materials from the air passageways
Term
expiration
Definition
exhalation of air from the lungs
Term
epistaxis
Definition
nosebleed
Term
glottis
Definition
sound producing apparatus consisting of two vocal folds and the space between them
Term
hemopytsis
Definition
spitting of blood or of blood-stained sputum (from the lungs)
Term
hypercapnia
Definition
increased amount of carbon dioxide in the blood
Term
hyperventilation
Definition
increased rate and/or depth of respiration
Term
hypoxemia
Definition
deficient oxygenation of the blood
Term
hypoxia
Definition
reduction of oxygen in body tissues below physiologic levels
Term
inspiration
Definition
breathing of air into the lungs
Term
intubation
Definition
insertion of a tube into the nose or mouth to provide for artificial breathing
Term
IPPB
Definition
intermittent positive pressure breathing; used as treatment with ventilators
Term
larynx
Definition
voice box
Term
laryngalgia
Definition
pain in the larynx
Term
lobectomy
Definition
excision of a lobe of the lung
Term
mediastinum
Definition
mass of organs and tissues separating the lungs-includes heart, aorta, trachea, esophagus, and bronci
Term
nares
Definition
external nostrils
Term
orthopnea
Definition
difficult breathing except in the upright position
Term
palate
Definition
partition separating the mouth from the nasal cavity
Term
parietal pleura
Definition
membrane that lines the chest cavity
Term
pector
Definition
concerning the chest
Term
pertussis
Definition
whooping cough
Term
pharynx
Definition
passageway for air from nasal cavity to larynx and food from mouth to esophogus
Term
phrenic nerve
Definition
nerve known as the motor nerve to the diaphragm
Term
pleura
Definition
double-fold membrane that encases the lung and lines the chest cavity
Term
pleural effusion
Definition
accumulation of fluid in the pleural space
Term
pleural rub
Definition
friction rub caused by inflammation of the pleural space
Term
pneumoconiosis
Definition
any lung disease caused by permanent deposition of particulate matter in the lungs
Term
pneumothorax
Definition
presence of air in the pleural space outside the lung, but inside the chest
Term
productive cough
Definition
cough with spitting of material from the bronchi
Term
pulmonary embolism
Definition
obstruction of the pulmonary artery or one of its branches by a clot or foreign material
Term
pulmonary function
Definition
test to assess ventilatory status
Term
rales/ronchi
Definition
an abnormal respiratory sound heard on auscultation
Term
residual volume
Definition
amount of air remaining in the lung after a forced expiration
Term
rhinoplasty
Definition
plastic surgery of the nose
Term
rhinorrea
Definition
thin, watery discharge from the nose
Term
septum
Definition
a wall dividing two cavities
Term
spirometry
Definition
pulmonary function test
Term
sputum
Definition
matter ejected from the trachea, bronchi, and lungs, through the mouth
Term
tachypnea
Definition
rapid respiration
Term
thoracentesis
Definition
surgical puncture of the chest wall into the parietal cavity to remove fluid
Term
thorax
Definition
chest
Term
tidal volume
Definition
amount of air breathed in and out during quiet or unlabored respiration
Term
tine test
Definition
TB test
Term
trachea
Definition
windpipe
Term
tracheotomy
Definition
incision into the trachea for the purpose of establishing airflow
Term
ventilation
Definition
breathing
Term
vital capacity
Definition
the largest volume that can be breathed in or out
Term
wheezing
Definition
whistling sound caused by air passing along the narrowed bronchi during expiration
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