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Respiratory
Respiratory
41
Pathology
Undergraduate 2
04/06/2012

Additional Pathology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Dyspnea
Definition
Sign & Symptoms: SOA
Term
Orthopnea
Definition
S&S: SOA occurs when pt lying flat
Term
Apnea
Definition
S&S: Suspension of external breathing
Term
Wheezing
Definition
S&S: Continuous, harsh whistling sound produced during exhalation
Term
Hypozemiaygen
Definition
S&S: Deprivation of adequate ox supply
Term
Cyanosis:
Definition
Blue coloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to high levels deoxygenated blood
Term
Hemoptysis
Definition
Coughing up blood or blood-stained sputum from the bronchi, larynx trachea or lungs
Term
Clubbing
Definition
related to poor distal circulation of oxygenated blood
Term
Rales
Definition
clicking, crackling or rattling noises of the lungs when breathing in
Term
Rhonchi
Definition
Harsh rattling sounds usually caused by bronchial secreations
Term
Acute Rhinitis (common cold)
Definition
Acute inflammation of upper respiratory tract's mucous membranes: rhinorrhea: runny nose, stuffy head, watery eyes sneezing, sore throat, fever
Term
Sinusitis
Definition
Inflammation of mucous membrane lining the sinuses: Viral origin
Term
Epiglottiitis
Definition
Acute infection w inflammation, caused by bacteria H. influenzae type B: airway obstruction that is rapid w fever and sore throat. refuse to swallow due to pain: Immediate treatment required, using oxygen and antimicrobial therapy
Term
Laryngitis:
Definition
Inflammation of larynx and vocal: Dysphonia(hoarse voice) Dysphagia(difficulty swallowing) sore throat, fever
Term
Pharyngitis
Definition
Inflammation of the throat (sore throat)
Term
Acute Bronchitis
Definition
Inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the bronchus: involves the trachea: Chest tightness, fever, cough(dry cough)
Term
Influenza
Definition
Acute respiratory tract infection "flu" very contagious:
Term
Pneumonia
Definition
Inflammation of the bronchioles and alveoli due to bacterial, viral, or other pathologic infections: Bacterial pneumonia (most serious) and Viral pneumonia (most common)
Term
Pulmonary abscess
Definition
Lung abscess that is a collection of infections material contained within a capsule in the lung: Coughing of bloody or foul smelling sputum or breath
Term
Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Definition
contagious bacterial infection of the lungs that can spread to organs such as the bones, brain and kidneys: TB may be asymptomatic
Term
Consumption
Definition
Later signs of TB
Term
Asthma
Definition
involves periodic episodes of servere by reversible bronchial obstructioon in pts hypersensitive or hyperresponsive airways
Term
Status asthmaticus
Definition
severe attacks lasting days: life-threatening emergencies
Term
Cystic Fibrosis
Definition
Dysfunction of exocrine gland and affects variety of organ systems besides the lungs
Term
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Definition
Chronic bronchitis and emphysema: difficulty in breathing= two diseases that coexist: inflammation and permanently obstructed airflow
Term
emphysema
Definition
Form of COPD, adnormal permanent enlargement of acini (cluster of cells) and destruction of alveolar walls: Clubbed fingers and toes : Caused by alpha-antitrypsin deficiency and cigarette smoking
Term
Chronic Bronchitis
Definition
Inflammation of the bronchi caused by irritants or infection: Bronchiectasis allows pooling of mucus, producing foul-smelling cough durning AM hours
Term
Asbestosis
Definition
Enviro diseases of insulating and fireproofing
Term
Asbestosis
Definition
Enviro diseases of insulating and fireproofing
Term
Anthracosis
Definition
Enviro disease: Related to carbon and coal, black lung, coal miner's disease
Term
Silicosis
Definition
Enviro diseases: Silicon, glass cutters sand blasters and stone masons
Term
Atelectasis
Definition
Collapse of part or all of a lung " airless state of a lung"
Term
Pleural effusion
Definition
know as hydrothorax: fluid in the pleural cavity, causing limited expansion ability during inhalation
Term
Empyema
Definition
Collection of pus in the chest cavity: Treatable with anitbotics
Term
Empyema
Definition
Collection of pus in the chest cavity: Treatable with anitbotics
Term
Hemothorax
Definition
Collection of blood in chest cavity: may cause partial or complete collapse of a lung
Term
Pneumothorax
Definition
Collection of air in the pleural cavity often results in partial or complete lung collapse on the affected side: occur when air leaks into the pleural space
Term
Pleurisy
Definition
Inflammation of membranes covering lung and lining of the chest cavity
Term
Flail Chest
Definition
Loss of chest structure due to multiple chest fractures: commonly caused by MVA or falls
Term
Laryngeal cancer
Definition
Most common upper respiratory tract malignancy: linked to alcohol tobacco and genetic predisposition
Term
Lung Cancer
Definition
two types: small cell: most common
non-small cell: majority of all lungs cancers
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