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-upper respiratory tract (URT): nose, pharynx, larynx, and trachea
-lower respiratory tract (LRT): bronchi, and lungs
-the function of the respiratory system is to facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. |
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| Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and body cells |
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| External respiration (breathing): |
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| Oxygen passes from lungs to blood (capillaries) and carbondioxide passes from capillaries back into lungs to be expelled |
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| The body cells take on oxygen from the blood and give back carbon dioxide, which is transported back to the lungs. |
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| lined with mucous membrane and fine hairs; acts as a filter to moisten and warm the entering air |
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| serves as a food and air passageway |
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| lymphoid tissue located behind the nasal cavity |
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| lymphoid tissue located behind the mouth |
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| location of the vocal cords |
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| flap of cartilage that automatically covers the opening of the larynx during swallowing and keeps food from entering the larynx |
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| passageway for air to the bronchi |
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| one of two branches from the trachea, which conducts air into the lungs, where it divides and subdivides (referred to as a bronchial tree) |
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| smallest subdivision of the bronchial tree |
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| air sacs at the end of the bronchioles; oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged through alveolar walls and capillaries |
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| 2 sponge-like organs in the thoracic cavity (right lung has 3 lobes; left lung has 2 lobes) |
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| Serous membrane covering each lung and lining the thoracic cavity |
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| Muscular partition that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity; aids in breathing |
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Bronchus (airway)
-bronchoscope : instrument to inspect the bronchus
-bronchiectasis : dilation or expansion of bronchus |
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Epiglottis
- Epiglottitis: inflammation of the epiglottis
- The epiglottis is the structure that prevents food from entering the trachea. It is a flap of tissue that constantly opens and closes |
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Nose
-nasal
-Rhinoplasty : surgical repair of the nose |
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Mouth
-oropharynx : mouth of throat
-oral : pertaining to the mouth |
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Oxygen
-hypoxemia : deficiency, oxygen, blood |
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Pharynx (throat)
- pharyngitis : inflammation of the throat |
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Pleura
-Pleuralgia : pain in the chest caused by inflammation of the muscles between the ribs |
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Air/lung
-pneumothorax : air in the chest
-pneumonectomy : surgical excision of the lung |
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Lung
- pulmonary : to do with the lungs |
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Sinus, cavity
- sinusitis : inflammation of the sinus cavity |
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Chest
- thoracotomy : incision in to the chest |
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| surgical puncture to remove fluid |
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| dilation; dilatation; widening, stretching |
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| Inflammation of a gland or lymph node |
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| is defined as the lack of gas exchange within alveoli, due to alveolar collapse or fluid consolidation. It may affect part or all of one lung. |
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| is a condition that results from blood accumulating in the pleural cavity |
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| is inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, which may be due to infection, allergy or autoimmune issues. |
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| is a general term that refers to inflammation of lung tissue |
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| is a collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity of the chest between the lung and the chest wall. |
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| (or a nosebleed) is the relatively common occurrence of hemorrhage from the nose, usually noticed when the blood drains out through the nostrils. |
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| Surgical repair of the bronchus |
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| surgical puncture of the larynx, with aspiration |
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| Surgical excision of a lobe |
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| surgical fixation of the pleura |
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| Thoracocentesis / Thoracentesis |
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is an invasive procedure to remove fluid or air from the pleural space for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes
- Lumbar puncture |
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| an incision into the pleural space of the chest |
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| making a surgical incision in the trachea |
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| x-ray images of internal organs using ionizing radiation |
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| scans using radioactive material to determine the functional capacity of an organ |
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| sonograms, or echograms, using high-frequency sound waves to create an image of body organs |
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| endoscopes, which are lighted, flexible instruments, are used for visual examination of a hollow organ or body cavity |
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| diagnostic procedures performed on specimens such as blood, tissue, sputum, and urine |
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| diagnostic tests performed to determine lung function |
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| An instrument for monitoring breathing rate and adequacy of ventilation. It attaches to the endotracheal tube and measures the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in expired gases |
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| The art or process of examination or treatment by means of an endoscope |
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| procedure used to examine the inside of the body using a flexible tube that has a small camera on the end of it |
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| instrument used to look inside the body |
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| is a medical procedure that is used to obtain a view of the vocal folds and the glottis / larynx |
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| instrument used for examining the pleural cavity |
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| medical procedure involving internal examination, biopsy, and /or resection of disease or masses within the pleural cavity and thoracic cavity. |
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| a non-invasive method for monitoring a patient's O2 saturation |
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| a type of sleep study, is a multi-parametric test used in the study of sleep and as a diagnostic tool in sleep medicine |
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| is an apparatus for measuring the volume of air inspired and expired by the lungs. |
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| (meaning the measuring of breath) is the most common of the pulmonary function tests (PFTs), measuring lung function, specifically the amount (volume) and/or speed (flow) of air that can be inhaled and exhaled. |
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| is a non-invasive method allowing the monitoring of the oxygenation of a patient's hemoglobin. - the thing on your finger |
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