Term
| Functions of the respiratory system |
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Definition
Moving air
vocalization
defense
providing large surface for gas exchange |
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Term
| What is the Upper respiratory system responsible for |
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Definition
Filtering
warming
humidifying air |
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Term
| what is the lower respiratory system responsible for |
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Definition
| conducting and exchanging of gases |
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Term
|
Definition
from nasal cavities to terminal bronchioles
movement of air, no gas exchange |
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Term
|
Definition
consists of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveoli
exchange of gases between air and blood |
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Term
|
Definition
primarily ciliated pseudo stratified columnar epithelium
some of the upper portion is stratified squamous
respiratory portions are simple squamous (air sacs) |
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Term
| celia of the pseudo stratified columnar epithelium? |
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Definition
| in this area they project into a mucus layer |
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Term
|
Definition
divided by nasal septum into right and left
has olfactory region
divided by conchae into meatuses (sup, mid, infer)
flor is formed by bony parts of the palate |
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Term
|
Definition
shared by the digestive and respiratory system
b/tw internal nares and larynx/esophagus |
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Term
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Definition
nasopharynx-auditory tubes pharyngeal tonsils
oropharynx-uvula and palatine tonsils
laryngopharynx-between the hyoid bone and esophagus |
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Term
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Definition
| starts at the glottis (opening from pharynx) |
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Term
| three large cartridges of the larynx |
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Definition
thyroid-largest opens posteriorly (shield shapes)
cricoid- most inferior (ring shaped)
epiglottis- protects respiratory tract (tongue looking) keeps food from the trachea |
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Term
smaller cartridges of the larynx
(just recognize the names) |
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Definition
arytenoid
corniculate
cuneiform |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| folds of the intrinsic ligaments of the larynx |
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Definition
vestibular w/i vestibular folds (false cords)
vocal w/i vocal folds (true cords) |
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Term
|
Definition
intrinsic-regulates tension of vocal folds/ open and close the glottis
extrinsic- stabilize larynx |
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Term
|
Definition
has mucosa =resp epithel+ lamina propia (mucus membrane)
has submucosa w/mucus glands |
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Term
|
Definition
| has annular ligaments, connective tissues that attach one cartilage to the next (C shaped) |
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Term
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Definition
| connects ends of cartilages posterior side of the trachea esophagus is posterior to the trachea |
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Term
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Definition
right and left primary bronchi
separated by carina
right side is larger diameter and steeper
enter lungs a hills portion of the lung that faces the heart contain the roots of the lungs |
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Term
|
Definition
| have apex (top) and base (sits on the diaphragm) |
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Term
|
Definition
right has 3 lobes (superior, middle and inferior)
left has 2 lobes (superior and inferior) |
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Term
| costal surface of the lung |
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Definition
| in contact with the inside of the rib cage (front back side) |
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Term
| mediastinal surface of the lung |
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Definition
| faces medially, has cardiac notch on left side |
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Term
| diaphragmatic surface of the lung |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
primary branch into secondary
secondary branch into tertiary (segmental) right side has 3 lobar bronchi and left side has two |
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Term
|
Definition
from the tertiary bronchi
terminal bronchioles have no cartilage
smooth muscle dominates to control size |
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Term
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Definition
thinnest (exchange starts here)
cuboidal epithelium |
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Term
|
Definition
branch for respiratory bronchioles
surrounded by capillaries, contain elastic fibers
at the end of the duct there are clusters of alveoli, increases surface area |
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Term
|
Definition
Type I- simple squamous cells line air sacks
Type II- produce surfactant produce surfactant
also has alveolar macrophages (eat and destroy) |
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Term
|
Definition
a soap lipid base product that reduces surface tension, this is crucial because it also for the air sac to refill with air
(balloon image) |
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Term
| blood supply of the lungs |
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Definition
branches of pulmonary circuit to lungs
alveolar caps mace ACE |
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Term
|
Definition
two:right and left separated by mediastinum
lined by visceral and parietal pleura
pleural cavity is a potential space |
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Term
| primary muscles of respiration |
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Definition
external intercostals- contraction pulls ribs up to inhale
internal intercostal- flattens your ribs to push air out to exhale
diaphragm- primary muscle for breathing, suck down to inhale (only does inhale) |
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Term
accessory muscles for respiration
stabilize what these do and they'll help with breathing) |
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Definition
Stenocleidomastoid
serratus anterior
pectoralis minor
abdominals |
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Term
|
Definition
quite breathing
exhalation is passive-no muscles
think rubber band |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| forced breathing exhalation requires muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| in Pons and Medulla Oblongata |
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Term
| respiratory rhythmicity center |
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Definition
in Pons
sets inspiratory and expiratory rhythm |
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Term
apneustic center
pneumotaxic center |
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Definition
both in medulla oblongata
adjusts out put |
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