Term
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Definition
| movement of air in and out of lungs aka breathing |
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Term
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Definition
| gas exchange between blood and alveolar sacs>> picked up O2 and dropped off CO2 |
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Term
| Transport of respiratory gases |
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Definition
| cardiovascular transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide between lungs and tissue cells |
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Term
| ardiovascular transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs between |
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Definition
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Definition
| all respiration...glucose turned into ATP |
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Term
| Organs in Respiratory System |
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Definition
| nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, smaller branches leading to terminals, lungs, and alveoli |
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Definition
| respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli |
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Definition
| entrance, nasal cavity, bronchioles |
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Definition
| target zone for ausculatation; Dr. looks for constriction |
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Definition
| alternate pathway is oral cavity (breath through mouth) |
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Definition
| person can't breathe out of nose |
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Definition
| is encapsulated by capillaries |
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Term
| Nasal Cavity.. necessary because |
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Definition
| air that you breathe must be filtered, moistened, and warm |
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Term
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Definition
| is used to inspect the conducting zone (entrance, nasal cavity, and bronchioles) |
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Definition
| airway, moistens/warms entering air, filters (by fibrissae), speech resonating chamber, olfactory receptors (smell) |
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Definition
| filters air; appears as whiskers in animals |
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Definition
| assist moistening effect in nose; produce mucin |
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Definition
| due to blood vessels (ie kiesselbachs) |
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Term
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Definition
| superior most aspect of nasal cavity |
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Definition
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Definition
| can cause an eroded septum |
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Term
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Definition
| nasal bones, maxillary bone, lateral hyaline cartilage, greater and lesser alar cartilages, external nares |
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Term
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Definition
| septum, superior-inferior-and middle conchae, meati (grooves for air), respiratory epithelium (pseudostratified epithelium) |
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Term
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Definition
| septal cartilage, perpendicular plate, vomer |
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Term
| Respiratory epithelium is |
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Definition
| pseudostratified epithelium |
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Term
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Definition
frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, maxillar
*all interconnected by ostia |
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Term
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Definition
| calcification of/build up of mucus >> sinus headache |
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Definition
| forms bridge of noseand part of maxilla |
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Definition
| shaved during during rhinoplasty |
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Definition
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Definition
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| superior-inferior-middle conchae and meati aka |
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Definition
| turbinates; swirl air around to moisten/warm |
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Term
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Definition
| connects nasal cavity and mouth to larynx and esophagus |
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Term
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Definition
nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
air flows through all 3 regions |
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Term
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Definition
| posterior to nasal cavity, inferior to sphenoid bone; superior to soft palate level |
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Term
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Definition
| aka eustachian tubes; leads to inner ear |
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Term
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Definition
| lesions in the area of the oropharynx |
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Term
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Definition
lies posterior to oral cavity
extends from soft palate to esophagus
contains 2 tonsils: palatine and lingual tonsils
epithelium transitions from pseudostratifies to stratified squamous due to food intake |
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Term
| In Oropharynx, epithelium |
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Definition
| transitions from pseudostratified to stratified squamous due to food intake |
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Term
| 2 tonsils in oropharynx region of pharynx |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| lies directly posterior to epiglottis and extends to larynx |
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Definition
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Definition
| sore throat; build up in oropharynx |
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Definition
extends 2 inches fromm c4-c6
attaches to hyoid bone superiorly |
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Term
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Definition
| providing patent airway and to route air and & food into proper channels; voice production |
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Term
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Definition
| thyroid cartilage, laryngeal prominence, cricoid cartilage, arytenoid corniculate, cuneiform, vestibular fold, vocal fold, epiglottis |
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Term
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Definition
| elastic cartilage; closes airway from incoming food...diverts food/fluids towards esophagus; away from windpipe |
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Definition
| arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform |
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Definition
| true vocal cords; elastic CT; vary in length |
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Definition
| (towards midline) creates higher pitch |
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Term
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Definition
| creates low pitch (bass sound) |
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Term
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Definition
| marked by red and swollen vocal chords |
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Term
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Definition
| extrinsic (stabilization); intrinsic (regulate vocal fold tension) |
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Term
| Intrinsic Laryngeal Musculature |
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Definition
| regulates vocal fold tension |
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Term
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Definition
aka windpipe; Descends from larynx into mediastinum
10-12 cm (4 inches) long; 2.5 cm (1 in) diameter |
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Term
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Definition
mucosa (lumen), submucosa (lumen), adventitia
lumen: space where air travels |
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Term
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Definition
| located posteriorly; when it contracts, diameter of trachea decreased |
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Term
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Definition
located on the end/terminas of the trachea
palpate yourself to find end of trachea and beginning of L & R primary bronchi |
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Term
| Right/Left Primary Bronchi: Conducting Zone |
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Definition
| extra pulmonary (found outside of lung) |
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Term
| 3 types of Bronchioles:Conducting Zone |
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Definition
| Secondary (lobar), Tertiary (segmental),Terminal |
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Term
| Conducting Zone: Structural chanes as bronchi diameter diminishes.. |
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Definition
-Cartilage ring replaced by irregular cartilaginous plates
-Histology changes: pseudostratified>columnar>cuboidal
-Smooth muscle increases
* changes can be altered by smoking |
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Term
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Definition
| has stratified squamous epithelium in bronchioles |
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Term
| Bronchial Tree: Respiratory Zone |
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Definition
Terminal bronchioles feed into respiratory bronchioles
-alveolar ducts
-alveolar sacs
-alveoli |
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Term
| Gross Anatomy of Lung: 3 anatomical landmarks |
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Definition
| apex (cupola), base (concave), root (hilus) |
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Term
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Definition
| located in alveolar walls |
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Term
| Lobes found in RIGHT lung |
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Definition
| superior, middle, inferior |
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Term
| Lobes found in LEFT lobes |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Horizontal and Oblique
Horizontal is only found in RIGHT lung |
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Term
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Definition
Costal, mediastinal, Cardiac Notch
CT, trabeculae, elastic fibers, smooth muscles, and lymphatics |
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Term
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Definition
| supply blood to bronchi and lung tissue |
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Term
| Venules/Veins in the lung |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| allows you to perceive pain in the lungs |
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Term
| Components of the Pleurae |
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Definition
Parietal= lines the wall/cavity
Visceral= lines the organ (lung)
Pleural Cavity = where air is trapped; serous fluid (used to reduce friction) |
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Term
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Definition
| Diaphragm, External Intercostals (elevate), Internal Intercostals (depress), Innermost Intercostals, Transversus Thoracis, Accessory Muscles |
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Term
| Accessory Muscles for Inspiration |
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Definition
sternocleidomastoid, serratus anterior, pectoralis minor, scaleness
*all involved in forced inspiration |
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Term
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Definition
| veins, arteries, and nerves reside btwn. innermost and internal intercostal |
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Term
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Definition
| puncturing pericardium to remove blood from cardiac tamponade |
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Term
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Definition
| depress ribs to reduce space |
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Term
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Definition
| VAN found between this layer and the internal intercostals |
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Term
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Definition
| main job is to elevate the ribs to create more space |
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Term
| Accessory Muscles for Expiration |
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Definition
| external/internal intercostals, abdominal obliques, rectus abdominus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
diaphragmatic breathing/ costal breathing
aka passive breathing |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
fused basal laminas of alveolar epithelium & capillary endothelium
-gas exchange |
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Term
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Definition
| involved in collateral ventilation |
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Term
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Definition
Inspiration- diaphragm pushes down, intercostals space expand
Expiration- quiet vs. forced |
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Term
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Definition
| alveolar enlargement, alveolar wall deterioration |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| broncho-dilater receives swelling of submucosa |
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