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Respiratory system
common clinical diagnosis
26
Medical
Undergraduate 2
07/31/2014

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Cards

Term
Accesory Muscle Use
Definition
sign of respiratory distress in which accessory muscles are used to assist with inspiration (breathing in)
Term
Apnea
Definition
absence of respiration
Term
Asphyxia
Definition
extreme decrease in the amt of O2 in the body from abnormal breathing- due to the constriction or obstruction of airways, such as from asthma, laryngospasm, or simple blockage from the presence of foreign materials; trapped underwater or air contamination
Term
asthma
Definition
chronic episodes of inflammation and narrowing of airways leading to dyspnea
Term
Atelectasis
Definition
partial collapse of lung tissue as seen on CXR (chest xray)
Term
Bronchitis
Definition
inflammation of air passages between nose and lungs , Acute/chronic
Term

(COPD)

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Definition
combo of chronic bronchitis and emphysema marked by dyspnea
Term
croup
Definition
a loud cough resembling a barking sound and dyspnea
Term
dyspnea
Definition
difficulty breathing
Term

Dyspnea on exertion

(DOE)

Definition
shortness of breath (SOB) worsened with exertion
Term
Emphysema
Definition
hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls
Term
Hemoptysis
Definition
coughing up blood
Term
Hemothorax
Definition
blood in the pleural cavity
Term
Hypoxia
Definition
reduced oxygen supply to tissues. O2 saturation rates in Adults < 90%, children < 95% are hypoxic
Term
Pneumonia
Definition
infection of the lung
Term
Rales
Definition
crackling noises heard on auscultation of the lung during inspiration
Term
respiratory distress
Definition
the inability to adequately ventilate causing physically labored ventilation
Term
Retractions
Definition
sign of respiratory distress, inward movement of the chest rather than outward during inspiration
Term

(PE)

Pulmonary embolism

Definition
obstruction of blood vessel in the lungs usually due to a blood clot
Term
Pneumothorax
Definition
collapsed lung
Term
Rhonchi
Definition
coarse, rattling breathing sound
Term
Sputum
Definition
mucus coughed up from the airways (URI)
Term
Stridor
Definition
a wheeze-like sound heard on auscultation, usually a sign of an obstructed airway
Term

Tuberculosis

(TB)

Definition
an infection caused by mycobacteria that typically attacks the lungs, Sx (symptoms) include chronic cough with blood tinged sputum, night sweats, weight loss, and fever
Term
Tachypnea
Definition
increased respiration rate
Term
wheezes
Definition
whistling lungs sounds caused by narrowed airways
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