Term
characteristics of an asthmatic lung: |
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Definition
inflammation, lower airway obstrucion, airway hyperresponsiveness, airway remodeling |
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Term
the airways are no longer calm |
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Definition
airway hyperresponsiveness |
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Term
so you grow out of asthma? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
early reaction & late reation |
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Term
how long does the acute phase of asthma last? |
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Definition
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Term
how long does it take before the late phase response occurs? |
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Definition
about 4-6 hours after the 1st response and lasts about 6 hours |
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Term
when does remodeling occur? |
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Definition
during the late-phase response |
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Term
this is the 4th leading cause of death in the USA |
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Definition
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Term
medications used for quick asthma relief |
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Definition
corticosteroids, short-acting B2 agonists, methylxanthines, anticholinergics |
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Term
medications used in long term control of asthma |
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Definition
inhaled corticosteroids, cromolyns, leukotrine modifiers, long acting B2 agonists, sustained release methylxanthines, antagonism of IgE |
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Term
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Definition
epinephrine, ephedrine (may cause cardiac arrythmias) |
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Term
safer short term B agonists |
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Definition
terbutaline, albuterol, biolterol, levalbuterol |
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Term
what is the duration of action for the B2 beta receptor agonists |
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Definition
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Term
long-acting beta agonists |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
hypotension, hypertension, vascular headaches, tremors, tolerance. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
inhibit phosphodiasterase which leads to smooth mucsle relaxation and inhibits the release from mast cells |
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Definition
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Term
natural forms of methylxanthines |
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Definition
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Term
synthetic methylxanthines |
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Definition
aminophyline, dyphilline, oxtriphyline |
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Term
things that increase clearance of methylxanthines |
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Definition
smoking, high protein low carb diets, bbq, age |
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Term
things that cause decreased clearance of methylxanthines |
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Definition
congestive heart failure, liver disease, pneumonia, viral infection, high-carbohydrated diet |
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Term
atropine, ipatropium, tiotropium |
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Definition
muscarinic cholinergic antagonists |
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Term
what are muscarinic cholinergic antagonists usually prescribed for? |
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Definition
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Term
side effects of muscarinic cholinergic antagonists |
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Definition
bitter taste, dryness of mouth and airway, headache. |
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Term
these drugs can actually modify gene transcription of inflammatory genes and increases transcription of anti inflammatory genes |
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Definition
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Term
these corticosteroids are prodrugs and have the fewest side effects |
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Definition
beclomethasone, ciclesonide |
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Term
triamcinoline, fluticasone, budesonide, flunisolide, mometasone, beclomethasone, ciclesonide |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
these are stabilizing medications and must be taken before any reaction occurs. They inhibit cl channels and block inflammatory mediators |
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Definition
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Term
how long does it take for a cromolyn to become effective? |
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Definition
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Term
cromolyn is given to what age groups? and nedocromil is given to what age group? |
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Definition
children; people older than 12 |
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Term
leukotriene-synthesis inhibitor |
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Definition
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Term
leukotriene receptor antagonists |
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Definition
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Term
how long is the duration for leukotriene modifiers? |
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Definition
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Term
severe side effect of Leukotriene Modifiers |
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Definition
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Term
which class of asthma drugs has the most drug interactions? |
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Definition
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Term
Anti-IgE antibody drug used to treat moderate-to-severe asthma. |
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Definition
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Term
most serious side effect of anti Ig-E antibodies |
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Definition
developing a sensitivity to the antibody and going into anaphylactic shock. Also there is an increased risk of cancer |
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Term
most common asthma drug delivery method |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
budesonide+formeterol fumerate fluticasone proprionate+salmeterol xinofate |
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Term
symptoms of controlled asthma |
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Definition
day symptoms:less than 2x/week night symptoms: less than 2x per month oral steroids use less than 2x/year |
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