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Respiratory drugs and GI drugs
ABAC PHARM FINAL!
66
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 3
04/28/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Adrenergics (bronchodilators)
Definition

rescue inhaler

 

Term

albuterol(proventil,ventolin)

levalbuterol(xopenex)

metaproterenol(alupent)

pirbuterol(maxair)

salmeterol(serevent)

Definition
adrenergic(bronchodilators) drugs
Term

tachycardia

arrhythmias

palpitations

restelessness

agitation

insomnia

Definition
adrenergics bronchodilators
Term
Anticholinergics (brochodilators)
Definition

not a rescue inhaler

dont use if you have prostate disease.

Term

ipratropium bromide(atrovent)

tiotropium(spiriva)

ipratropium/albuterol(combivent)

 

Definition
anticholinergics (bronchodilators)
Term

dry mouth

blurred vision

nervousness

nausea

H/A

Definition
anticholergic side effects
Term
Xanthines
Definition
brochodilation
Term

aminophylline(phyllocontin)

theophylline(theo-Dur)

Definition
Xanthines
Term

same as adrenergics-hyper

N&V

convulstions

Definition
xanthines side effects
Term

Corticosteroids

anti-inflammatory antiasthmatics

Definition
suppress inflammation in airways
Term

budesonide(pulmacort turbhaler)

fluticasone(flovent)

prednisone triamcinolone(azamacort)

methylprednisolone(solu-medrol)

prednisone-po

Definition
corticosteroids drugs
Term

hoarness 

cough

throat irritation

fungal infections

Definition
corticosteroids side effects
Term

Leukotriene inhibitors

antiasthmatics

Definition
inhibit the formation of leukotrienes which cause bronchoconstriction and inflammation.
Term

montelukast(singulair)

zafirlukast(accolate)

zileuton(Zyflo)

Definition
leukotriene inhibitors drugs
Term

H/A

infection 

nausea

pain

elevated liver enzymes

liver dysfunction

Definition
leukotrienes side effects
Term

Mast cells stabilizers

antiasmatics

Definition
stabilize mast cells and prevent release of bronchoconstrictive and inflammatory substances.
Term

cromolyn(intal)

nedocromil(tilade)

Definition
mast cell drugs
Term

arrhythmias

hypotension

chest pain

restlessness

convulsions

cns depression

anorexia

N&V

dizziness

Definition
mast cell side effects
Term


Nasal decongestants

 

Definition
relieve nasal congestion by constricting arterioles and reducing blood flow to nasal mucosa.
Term

oxymetazoline (afrin)

phenylephrine(neo-synephrine)

pseudoephedrine(sudafed)

Definition
nasal decogestants drugs
Term

tachycardia

arrthythmias

HTN

poss ulceration of nasal mucosa

rebound nasal congestion

chronic rhinitis

Definition
nasal decogestion side effects
Term
Antitissives
Definition

suppress cough by depressing cough center in the medulla oblongata or cough center in throat, trachea or lungs.

for dry hacking cough-nonproductive.

Term

codiene

dexytromethorphan(benylin dm)

Definition
antitussives
Term

excessive suppression of cough reflex

N&V

constipation

dizziness

drowsiness

pruritis

drug dependence

Definition
antitussives side effects
Term
Expectorant
Definition

liquidefy resp secretions to allow for easier romoval.

 

Term
 guaifenesin or glyceryl guaiacolate(rubitussin)
Definition
expectorant drugs
Term
mucolytics
Definition

administered by inhalation to liquefy mucus in resp tract.

used in acetaminophen over dose.

Term
acetycystreine
Definition
mucolytics drugs
Term

bronchial,tracheal irritation

bronchocontriction

chest tightness

increased secretions

rhinorrhea

n&v

stomatitis

drowsiness

Definition
mucolytic side effects
Term
Antihistamines
Definition

blocks the effect of histamine in the body in allergic reactions.

dont take if you have hypertrophy

Term

chlorpheniramine(chlor-trimeton)

diphenhydramine(benadryl)

hydroxyzine(vistaril,atarax)

promethazine(phenergan)

cetirizine(zyrtec)

fexofenadine(allegra)

loratadine(claritin)

Definition
antihistamine drugs
Term

sedation

paradoxical excitation-hyper

convulsive seizures

dryness of mouth, nose, and throat

urinary rention

fatigue

H/A

GI distress

blurred vision

constipation

 

Definition
antihistamine side effects
Term
Antacids 
Definition
alkaline substances that neutralize gastric acids.
Term

amphogel(aluminum hydroxide)

maalox(aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide)

mylanta(aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide/simthicone)

tums(calcium carbonate)

rolaids(dihydroxyaluminum sodium carbonate)

Definition
antiacids drugs
Term

containing mag-diarrhea,hypermagnesemia

containing aluminum-constipation

containing calcium-constipation

Definition
antiacids side effects
Term
Histamine2 receptor blocking 
Definition
inhibit secretion of gastric acid stimulated byhistamine, acetylcholine and gastrin. Decrease amt and acidity of gastric juices.
Term

cimetidine(tagamet)

famotidine(pepcid)

ranitidine(zantac)

Definition
histamine2 receptor blocking drugs
Term

diarrhea

H/A

dizziness

fever

skin rashes

mental confusion

delirium

coma

muscle aches

fatigue

depression

Definition
histamine2 receptor blocking side effects
Term
Proton pump inhibitors
Definition
prevent release of gastric acid into stomach lumen thereby blocking final step of acid production.
Term

lansoprazole(prevacid)

omeprazole(prilosec)

pantoprazole(protonix)

esomeprazole(nexium)

Definition
proton pump inhibitors drugs
Term

H/A

diarrhea

abd pain

n&V

Definition
proton pump inhibitors side effects
Term
Opiates and opiate derivatives
Definition
decrease diarrhea by slowing propulsive movements in  sm and lg intestines.
Term

diphenoxylate with atropine sulfate(lomotil)

loperamide(imodium)

Definition
antidiarrheals-opiates
Term
neomycin
Definition
antibacterial agents-antidiarrheal drug
Term

constipation

drug dependence

Definition
antidiarrheal side effects
Term
Phenothiazines
Definition
CNS depressants that act on nausea center.
Term
promethazine(phenergan)
Definition
phenothiazines drugs
Term
Antihistamines
Definition
H1 receptor blocking agents that block action of acetylcholine in brain.
Term

dimenhydrinate(dramamine)

meclazine(antivert,bonine)

Definition
antihistamine-nausea meds
Term
prokinetic agents
Definition
increase GI motility and rate of gastric emptying.
Term
metoclopramide(reglan)
Definition
prokinetic drugs-nausea
Term
5-HT (serotonin) receptor antagonists
Definition
block serotonin receptors to prevent or treats postop or chemotherapy-induced N&V
Term
ondansetron(zofran)
Definition
5-HT (serotonin) receptor antagonists
Term

excessive sedation and drowsiness

anticholinergic effects

hypotention

extrapyramidal reactions

Definition
antiemetic drugs-nausea meds side effects
Term
Bulk-forming laxatives
Definition
add bulk to fecal mass to stimulate peristalsis(fiber)
Term

methycellulose(citrucel)

syllium preparations(metamucil)

Definition
bulk-forming laxatives drugs
Term
surfactant laxatives (stool softners)
Definition
help prevent straining.
Term

docusate sodium(colace)

docusate calcium(surfak)

Definition
surfactant laxatives(stool softners) drugs
Term
Saline cathartics
Definition
increase osmotic pressure in intestinal lumen and cause water to  be retained resulting in increased peristalsis and decreased transit time.
Term

magnesium hydroxide( MOM, magnesia magma)

polyethylene glycol-electrolyte solution( colyte,colovage, colytely)

sodium phosphate and sodium biphosphate( fleet phophasoda, fleet enema)

Definition
saline cathartic-laxatives drugs
Term
irritant or stimulant cathartics
Definition
act by irritating the GI mucosa and pulling water into bowel.
Term
lubricant laxatives
Definition
lubricates intestine and softens stool by retarding colonic absorption of fecal water.
Term

senna pod preparations (senokot, black draught)

bisacodyl(dulcolax)

phenolphthalein(doxidan, Feen-A-Mint, Ex-Lax)

Definition
irritant or stimulant cathartics drugs
Term
mineral oil( agroal plain,milkinol,fleet mineral oil enema)
Definition
lubricant laxatives drugs
Term

diarrhea

abd crmaping

hyponatremia-low sodium

hypokalemia-low potassium

hehydration

Definition
antidirrheals side effects
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