Term
| How is the respiratory system innervated? |
|
Definition
-skeletal muscles innervated by somatic efferent nerves
-airway smooth muscle innervated by ANS |
|
|
Term
| What stimulates bronchoconstriction? what portion of the ANS is involved (para or symp)? |
|
Definition
cholinergic stimulation
parasympathetic |
|
|
Term
| What stimulates bronchodilation? what portion of the ANS is involved (para or symp)? |
|
Definition
B2 stimulation (epinephrine)
sympathetic |
|
|
Term
| What sources of input are involved with innervation of the respiratory system? |
|
Definition
1. Sensory input via vagus nerve
-stretch receptors, irritant receptors & J receptors
2. Sensory input from skeletal muscles
3. Chemoreceptor input from carotid & aortic bodies
(sense Pa2, PoCo2, pH etc)
4. Sensory input from peripheral receptors (pain, stretching of intercostals or diaphragm) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-monitor blood composition & interstitial volume
-if interstitial pressure increases, J receptors sense it and will increase RR |
|
|
Term
| What do peripheral receptors do? |
|
Definition
| increase RR in response to pain, or cause contraction in response to stretching of the diaphragm or intercostals |
|
|
Term
| What do peripheral chemoreceptors do? |
|
Definition
Type I trigger APs in in afferent nerves
Type II are supportive
-sense tiny changes in increased Pa CO2 or decreased pH and will increase ventilation
-increase ventilation moderately in response to decreased Pa O2 |
|
|
Term
| What do central chemoreceptors do? |
|
Definition
sense P CO2 by detecting a drop in pH of the brain & CSF
-will trigger a big increase in ventilation to maintain pH within a narrow range |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| peripheral chemoreceptors that sense changes in Pa CO2 and pH |
|
|
