Term
|
Definition
i. Same as in severe asthma:
ii. Labored breathing
iii. Prolonged exhalation
iv. Engorged neck veins
v. Wheezing |
|
|
Term
| status asmatus nursing care |
|
Definition
i. Assess airway and response to tx
ii. VS
iii. Assess skin turgor for signs of dehydration
iv. Conserve pt’s energy
v. Maintain quiet restful environment
vi. No respiratory irritants or “triggers”
vii. Provide non-allergenic pillows |
|
|
Term
| status asmatus threatment |
|
Definition
| Close monitoring Meds:Short acting beta2-adrenenrgic agonist,Short course of systemic corticosteroids, NO sedatives, MgSO4 ,O2 ,IV fluids, Hospitalization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| i. A chronic, irreversible dilation of the bronchi and bronchioles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Airway obstruction
2. Diffuse airway injury
3. Recurrent resp infections in childhood
4. Genetic disorders
5. Abnormal host defense
6. Idiopathic causes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Chronic cough
2. Copious amounts of purulent sputum
3. Hemoptysis
4. Clubbing of fingers
5. Repeated lung infections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Promote bronchial drainage
2. Prevent control of infection
3. Occasionally, bronchoscopy
4. Smoking cessation
5. Antibiotic therapy
6. Flu and pneumonia vaccines |
|
|
Term
| bronchiestasis Nursing care |
|
Definition
1. Alleviating symptoms
2. Helping pt clear secretions
3. Teaching on:
a. Smoking cessation
b. How to do postural drainage
c. Avoiding other infectious people
d. How to conserve energy
e. The condition and how to recognize when to seek medical attention
f. How to maintain adequate nutrition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anabnormal inflammatory process that occurs in response to noxious particles or gases, such as:use of tobacco products or release of inflamatory mediators |
|
|
Term
| What causes narrow airways in copd |
|
Definition
| Over time the injury-healing process forms scar tissue |
|
|
Term
| What is chronic bronchitis |
|
Definition
| Presence of a cough and sputum prduction for at least 3 months. In each of 2 consecutive yrs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| smoke or other environmental pollutants irritate the airways causing inflammation and increased mucous production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
iv. Ciliary function decreases and more mucous is produced
v. Bronchial walls thicken
vi. Bronchial lumen narrows
vii. Mucous can plug the airway
viii. Alveolar macro-phages are altered become less effective at destroying foreign particles
ix. Pt becomes more susceptible to resp. infections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| i. Abnormal distention of the air spaces beyond the terminal bronchioles, with destruction of the wall s of the over-distended alveoli |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ii. Causing an impairment in O2-CO2 exchange (respiration)
iii. This process has continued over a long period of time (many years)
iv. Because there are fewer alveoli in direct contact c pulmonary capillaries, dead space occurs and increases
v. Leads to hypoxemia
vi. CO2 elimination is impaired |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
vii. Causes hypercapnia:
1. Increased levels of CO2 in arterial blood, > respiratory acidosis
viii. One resulting complication of emphysema is cor pulmonale (right-sided heart failure)
ix. Congestion
x. Dependent edema
xi. Distended neck veins
xii. Pain in the region of the liver |
|
|
Term
| what are the to types of emphysema |
|
Definition
| Panlobular, centrilobular |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
i. An infectious disease that affects the lung parenchyma
ii. (essential and distinctive tissue of an organ) |
|
|
Term
| pulmonary tb is caused by? |
|
Definition
1. M. Tuberculosis, an acid-fast aerobic rod that grows slowly and is sensitive to heat and UV light
a. Airborne transmission of droplets from infected person who talks, coughs, sneezes, laughs, or sings. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Insidious, Low-grade fever, Cough (non productive or mucopurulent sputum), Night sweats, Fatigue, Wt loss, May have Hemoptysis, Positive TB skin test, C-XR shows lesions in upper lobes, Acid-fast bacillus smear contains myobacteria |
|
|
Term
| Threatment and meds used for pulmonary tb |
|
Definition
1. Chemotherapeutic agents (antituberculosis agents) for 6-12mo
2. 4 first-line meds:
a. Isoniazid (INH)
b. Rifampin (Rifadin)
c. Pyrazinamide
d. Ethambutol (Myambutol) |
|
|
Term
| Nursing care for pulmonary tb |
|
Definition
1. Helping maintain clear airway
2. Advocating adherence to tx regimen thru education
3. Promoting activity and adequate nutrition
4. Monitoring and managing potential complications. |
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