Term
|
Definition
Two key components
Systematic in nature
Focuses on a question of interest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Uses logic that moves from general to specific
categorical Syllogism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Uses logic that moves from the specific to general
Categorical Syllogism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ultimate goal of science is the formation of theory based upon the synthesis and interpretation of facts and information |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Practical in nature: most common in HHP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Non-numerical data. in depth interviews, direct observation, focus groups. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cause and effect relationships, manipulation of independent variable. |
|
|
Term
| Non-Experimental Research |
|
Definition
| observe, analyze, and describe what exists rather than manipulating the variable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gender, ethnicity, medical condition, things you CANNOT change |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| describes specific phenomena, "what is", surveys, direct measurement, observation, interviews |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| whether, and to what extent, a relationship exists between two or more variables. no manipulation of an independent variable. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stages of the Scientific Method |
|
Definition
question identified
hypothesis formed
research plan
data collected
results analyzed
conclusions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1.Identify the research question
2.Initial review of literature
3.Distilling the question to a researchable problem
4.Continued review of literature
5.Formulation of hypothesis
6.Determining the basic research approach
7.Identifying the population and sample
8.Designing the data collection plan
9.Selecting or developing data collection instruments
10.Choosing the method of data analysis
11.Implementing the research plan
12. Interpreting the results |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Review: Descriptive Research |
|
Definition
| surveys, direct measurement, Observation, Interviews |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Does not establish "cause-and-effect" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| seeks to determine whether, and to what extent, a relationship exists between two or more variables. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
seeks to make comparisons, "Is there a difference between the control group and the experimental group? (experimental)"
Comparison of one group to another of the basis of existing characteristics. (causal-comparative) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Specific "statement of the problem" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
normally under control of the researcher
ie: number and kinds of subjets, type of equipment, etc... only include if it is of importance or a factor in the results |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| does not have absolute control, but seeks to do everything to increase credibility |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
characteristic, trait, or attribute.
exclusion and inclusion |
|
|
Term
| classification of Variables |
|
Definition
| Quantitative, Qualitative |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| influences another variable, one the researchers manipulates, or the variable under study. |
|
|
Term
| Two types of Independent Variables |
|
Definition
Active-manipulated
Attribute-non-manipulatable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
expected to change
variable which is measured |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Error-produced variable that the researcher should attempt to eliminate or control. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| serves as the basis for hypothesis development |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gain an understanding of previous research work
Distill the question into a specific problem
Develop a research plan (methods) |
|
|
Term
| When reviewing literature |
|
Definition
| look at most current literature first |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Nuremberg Code (1947)
Institutional Review Boards (IRB) |
|
|
Term
| Basic principles of Belmont Report |
|
Definition
Voluntary consent is essential
Minimize possible harm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Arguably the most important ethical standard |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
refers to the capacity of individuals to control when and under what conditions others have access to their behaviors, beliefs, and values
Participants stance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
refers to treating subject information or responses in a manner so that it is not linked to any specific individual who participated in a study
researchers responsibilities |
|
|
Term
| INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BOARDS |
|
Definition
IRBs established by federal mandate to assure compliance with governmental regulations
IRBs have authority to approve, require modifications, or disapprove research
IRB approval required before any aspect of the research involving human subjects may commence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Exempt from review
Expedited review
Full review
Dependent upon amount of risk present
Dependent on representative groups |
|
|
Term
| CRITERIA FOR IRB APPROVAL |
|
Definition
Risks to subjects are minimized
Risks to subjects are reasonable in relation to anticipated benefits
Selection of subjects is equitable in relation to the purpose of the research and its setting
Informed consent will be sought from each prospective subject or their legal representative
Informed consent will be appropriately documented
Provisions for monitoring data collected to ensure safety of subjects
Provisions to protect privacy of subjects and to maintain confidentiality of data |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| “Misconduct” means fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, or other practices that seriously deviate from those that are commonly accepted within the scientific community for proposing, conducting, or reporting research |
|
|
