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Research Methods part one
class 1-5
29
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
05/13/2008

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Term
Theory
Definition
a set of propositions that attempt to specify the interrelationships among a set of constructs.
Term
Descriptive Research
Definition
studies basic life events in a population, such as patterns of births, marriages, etc...
Term
Correlational Research
Definition
examines the nature of the relationship between two measured variables
Term
Experimental Research
Definition
research assigns participants to conditions and manipulates at least on IV.
Term
Quasiexperimental Research
Definition
participants cannot be assigned to conditions or manipulate the IV
Term
Methodological Plualism
Definition
The practice of using many different research approaches to address a particular question.
Term
Empiricism
Definition
The practice of relying on observation to draw conclusions about the world.
Term
Standard Deviation
Definition
a measure of variability that is equal to the square root in the variance
Term
Systematic Variance
Definition
the portion of the total variance in a set of scores that is related in an orderly, predictable fashion to the variables the researcher is investigating.
Term
Error Variance
Definition
that portion of the total variance in a set of data thatremains unaccounted for after systematic variance is removed; variance is unrelated to the variables under investigation in the study.
Term
Effect size
Definition
The strength of the relationship between two or more variables.
Term
Meta-analysis
Definition
a statistical procedure used to analyze and intergrate the results of many individual studies on a single topic.
Term
Nominal scale
Definition
a measure on which the numbers assigned to participants' characteristics are merely labels, gender is an example of this.
Term
Ordinal scale
Definition
measures which number assigned to participants' responses reflect the rank order of participants from highest to lowest.
Term
Test-retest reliablity
Definition
the consistency of respondents' scores on a measure across time
Term
Interitem reliability
Definition
the consistency of respondents'  responses on a set of conceptually related times
Term
Interrater reliability
Definition
the degree to which the observations of two independent observers agree
Term
Reliability
Definition
the dependability of a measurement technique
Term
Validity
Definition
how well it measures what it is intended to measure
Term
Construct Validity
Definition
the degree to which a measure of a particular construct measure of other constructs
Term
Cross-sectional design
Definition
a survey design in which a group of respondents is studied at once
Term
Successive independent samples survey design
Definition
a survey deisign in which different samples of participants are studies at differnet times
Term
Longitudinal Desogn
Definition
a single group is studied over a long period of time
Term
Epidemiological research
Definition
studies occurrence of disease in different groups of people
Term
Representative Sample
Definition
a sample from which one can draw accurate, unbiased estimates the characteristics of a larger population
Term
Simple random sample
Definition
every possible sample of the desired size has the same chance of being selected from the population
Term
Stratified random sampling
Definition
the population is divided into strata, then the participants are selected from each group.
Term
Quota Sample
Definition
a sample selected to include specified proportions of certain types of certain kinds of participants.
Term
Purposive sampling
Definition
a sample selected based on who the researcher thinks is "best" for research purposes
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