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| also called within subjects; all subjects experience all conditions |
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| each individual only experiences one condition or group |
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| a pairing of individual, like twins who are similar to one another in some way and are useful for comparison after being exposed to different levels of an independent variable |
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| a possible limitation to the repeated measures design- the result of multiple measurements, wherein people behave differently as a result of undergoing earlier measurements |
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| a possible limitation of repeated measures- wherein a particular behavior changes as a result of the condition it follows |
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| a possible limitation of repeated measures- results from learning that takes place in an earlier condition |
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| a transfer that results from learning in an earlier condition, wherein A helps B or B helps A |
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| A change in behavior that occurs because of an earlier condition, with with differences in the amount of change from A to B than B to A |
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| the changing of order of conditions across individuals to avoid contamination of data because of systematic sequence, order or transfer effects |
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| Complete Counterbalancing |
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Definition
| the use of all possible orders of experimental conditions to counterbalance limitation effects |
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Definition
| the use of some different orders to counterbalance limitation effects |
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| What is the difference between a true experiment and a Quasi Experiment? |
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| In a true experiment the researcher randomly assigns a participant to a given group |
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| a threat to internal validity that occurs because groups being compared differ prior to being exposed to the treament |
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| a threat to internal validity of a study due to short or long term changes in a participant because of psychological changes like boredom or fatigue (related to longitudinal studies) |
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| Attrition (Mortality) Threat |
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Definition
| a threat to internal validity of a study when participants drop out of a study leading to a change in the nature of the sample |
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Definition
| a threat to internal validity of a study that results when some event outside the research project affects participants systematically |
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| a threat to internal validity of a study that results from changes in the way the dependent variable is measured |
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| a threat to the internal validity of a study that results when participants' behavior changes as a function of having been tested previously |
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| Statistical Regression Threat |
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Definition
| a threat to internal validity that involves significant measurement error that is not likely to repeat itself, thus giving the false impression that change is due to treatment |
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| Static Group Comparison Design |
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Definition
| a quasi experimental design in which two groups that differ on some pre-existing dimension are compared |
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Definition
| a series of measurement recorded before a treatment is applied to see the normal course of behavior prior to an intervention |
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| Nonequivalent control group design |
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Definition
| a quasi experimental research design in which groups with pre existing difference on a dimension are measured on a pretest, exposed to a treatment, and measured on a posttest |
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| Interrupted Time Series Design |
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Definition
| a quasi experimental research design in which a group is measured at different times, with a treatment applied at some point, resulting in baseline measurements and post treatment measurements |
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| Replicated Interrupted Times Research Design |
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Definition
| Quasi ED in which different groups are measured in an interrupted time series design, with a treatment being applied at a different time for each group |
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| One Group Pretest-Posttest Design |
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Definition
| a quasi experimental design in which a single group is measured before a treatment is applied and then again after |
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| a research method in which an investigator asks questions of a respondent |
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Definition
| a complete counting of everybody in a population of interest |
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| Two Critical Ethical Issues in Survey Research |
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Definition
| Anonymity and Confidentiality |
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