Term
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Definition
| those due to sampling variability or measurement precision, occur in essentially all quantitative studies and can be minimized but not avoided\ |
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Term
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Definition
| (or errors)are reproducible inaccuracies that produce a consistently false pattern of differences between observed and true values |
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Term
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Definition
Selection Bias
Measurement Bias
Intervention Bias |
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Term
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Definition
| may result in the subjects in the sample being unrepresentative of the population of interest |
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Term
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Definition
| include issues related to how the outcome of interest was measured |
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Term
| Intervention (exposure) biases |
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Definition
| differences in how the treatment or intervention was carried out, or how subjects were exposed to the factor of interest |
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Term
Volunteer or referral bias
(Selection bias) |
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Definition
| occurs because people who volunteer to participate in a study (or who are referred to it) are often different than non-volunteers/non-referrals |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when those who do not respond to a survey differ in important ways from those who respond or participate |
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