Term
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Definition
Synthesized from cholesterol
Transformed to exert its effects on some target cells |
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Term
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Definition
Prompts spermatogenesis
Targets all accessory organs; deficiency leads to atrophy
Has multiple anabolic effects throughout the body
Is the basis of the sex drive in males |
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Term
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Definition
Production of female gametes
Begins in the fetal period |
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Term
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Definition
| Monthly series of events associated with the maturation of an egg. Follicular phase and Luteal phase. |
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Term
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Definition
Days 1-14
Period of follicle growth
Followed by ovulation |
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Term
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Definition
days 14-28
Period of corpus luteum activity
Preceded by ovulation |
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Term
| Follicular Phase sequence |
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Definition
1. The primordial follicle is activated
2. Follicle enlarges to become a primary follicle
3. Primary follicle becomes a secondary follicle
4. Secondary follicle becomes a late secondary follicle
5. Late secondary follicle becomes a vesicular follicle |
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Term
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Definition
| Follicle ruptures; secondary oocyte is ovulated |
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Term
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Definition
| twinge of pain sometimes felt at ovulation |
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Term
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Definition
Granulosa cells and internal thecal cells form corpus luteum
If no pregnancy, the corpus luteum degenerates into a corpus albicans in 10 days |
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Term
| Establishing Ovarian Cycle |
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Definition
Until puberty, ovaries secrete small amounts of estrogens, which inhibit release of GnRH
At puberty, leptin from adipose tissue decreases the estrogen inhibition. GnRH, FSH, and LH are released and adult cyclic pattern is achived and menarche occurs |
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Term
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Definition
1. Completes meiosis I
2. Triggers ovulation
3. Turns ruptured follicles into corpus luteum |
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Term
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Definition
1. Fluctuation of gonadotropin levels: fluctuating levels of pituitary gonadotropins in the blood regulate the events of the ovarian cycle
2. Ovarian cycle: structural changes in the ovarian follicles during the ovarian cycle are correlated with changes in the endometrium during the uterine cycle |
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Term
| Uterine (menstrual) cycle |
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Definition
Cyclinc changes in endometrium in response to ovarian hormones
Days 1-5= menstrual phase
Days 6-14= proliferative phase
Days 15-28= secretory phase (most constant) |
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Term
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Definition
1. Perimetrium: serous
2. Myometrium: interlacing layers of smooth muscle
3. Endometrium: mucosal lining |
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Term
| Stratum functionalis of endometrium |
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Definition
| changes in response to ovarian hormone cycles, is shed during menstruation |
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Term
| Stratum basalis of endometrium |
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Definition
| Forms new functionalis after menstruation, unresponsive to ovarian hormones |
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