Term
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Definition
| Process where new individuals of a species is produced/ genetic material passed from generation to generation |
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Term
| Testes are located in the ___________? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Two main functions of the testes |
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Definition
| 1. produce testosterone (stim. by LH) 2.produce sperm (stim. by FSH & testosterone) |
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Term
| Where does sperm producion occur? |
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Definition
| within the seminiferous tubules of the testes |
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Term
| Sperm can be produced and survive at what temperature? |
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Definition
| 3 degrees below body temperature |
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Term
| The temperature of the scrotum is controlled by what? |
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Definition
| cremaster muscle and testicular veins |
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Term
| The cremaster muscle is a continuation of what muscle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three parts of the sperm? |
|
Definition
| head, midpiece, and flagellum |
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Term
| The head of the sperm contains DNA, ___________, and __________________. |
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Definition
| acrosome, and enzymes such as hyaluranidase that help the sperm penetrate the egg. |
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Term
| The midpiece contains lots of ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The function of the flagellum |
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Definition
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Term
| Testes develop as what type of organ and in what body cavity? |
|
Definition
| retroperitoneal and in the abdominopelvic cavity |
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Term
| Testes descend into the scrotum during what month of fetal development? |
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Definition
| 7th month of fetal development |
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|
Term
| What occurs to result in an erection? |
|
Definition
| the arteries supplying the penis dilate - lots of blood enters the erectile tissue - causes veins of penis to be constricted - blood can't leave =erection |
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Term
| Name the four ducts of the male reproductive system |
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Definition
| epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra |
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Term
|
Definition
| site of final sperm maturation |
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Term
| What is the function of the vas deferens? |
|
Definition
| to store sperm and propel them into the urethra during ejaculation |
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|
Term
| What happens to sperm that is not ejaculated |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the term for the medical procedure where the vas deferens are cut? |
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Definition
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Term
| The ejaculatory duct is formed by the union of what two structures and what is its function? |
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Definition
| the seminal vesicle and the ampulla of the vas deferens / it ejects sperm into the urethra |
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Term
| What are the three parts of the urethra and what does it carry? |
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Definition
| prostatic urethra, membranous urethra, and spongy urethra / carries both urine and semen |
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Term
| Name the three accessory glands of the male reproductive system |
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Definition
| 1.seminal vesicles 2.prostate gland 3.bulbourethral glands |
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Term
| Where are the seminal vesicles located? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What do the seminal vesicles secrete and what does it contain? |
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Definition
| secretes alkaline fluid - helps neutralize acidic environment of female / contains: 1. fructose - used to produce ATP 2. prostaglandins - cause contraction of the uterus and fallopian tubes |
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Term
| Where is the prostate gland located? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The secretion of the prostate gland helps with what? |
|
Definition
| sperm mobility and viability |
|
|
Term
| Where are the bulbourethral glands located? |
|
Definition
| Near the membranous urethra |
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|
Term
| What is the purpose of the bulbourethral gland secretion? |
|
Definition
| to lubricate the end of the penis and neutralize acidic urine in the urethra |
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Term
|
Definition
| mixture of sperm and accessory gland secretions |
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|
Term
| Average amount of sperm in semen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Two reasons for needing so many sperm |
|
Definition
| 1. very few make it to the egg 2. need more than one to break down barrier on the egg |
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|
Term
| What does the female reproductive system consist of? |
|
Definition
| ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, external genitalia, mammary glands |
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|
Term
| What is the function of the ovaries? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Oocytes are contained within __________ and once fully developed, it will undergo ___________. |
|
Definition
| within follicles / undergo ovulation |
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|
Term
| Function of the uterine tubes |
|
Definition
| transport eggs from ovaries to uterus |
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|
Term
| What are the major structures of the uterine tubes? |
|
Definition
| infundibulum, fimbriae, ampulla, and isthmus |
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|
Term
| What type of muscle and epithelium line the uterine tubes? |
|
Definition
| smooth muscle and simple ciliated columnar epithelium |
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|
Term
| How are oocytes carried through the uterine tubes? |
|
Definition
| by the peristaltic contractions of smooth muscle lining uterine tubes & by cilia on the epithelium |
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|
Term
| What are the four major structures of the uterus? |
|
Definition
| fundus, body, cervix, and endometrium |
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|
Term
| What part of the uterus is located above the entrance of the uterine tubes? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the uterus the majority/central portion? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the uterus opens into the vagina? |
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Definition
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Term
| The vagina is the passageway for what three things? |
|
Definition
| menstrual flow, childbirth, and intercourse |
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|
Term
| Is the vagina acidic or basic and why? |
|
Definition
| acidic - helps reduce growth of bacteria / is harmful to sperm |
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|
Term
| Name the tissue that lines the vagina |
|
Definition
| stratified squamous epithelium |
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