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| What hormones are produced by the reproductive system |
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Definition
| testosterone, estrogen, progesterone |
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Term
| What are the functions of the hormones produced by the reproductive system |
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Definition
Stimulate second sex charecteristics increase sex drive help develope and maintain sex organs |
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Term
| What are the functions of the reproductive system? |
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Definition
Make gametes Make hormones Provide place for baby (in females) |
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Term
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Definition
Male external genitalia holds the testes and keeps the 2-3 degrees cooler then the rest of the body for sperm developement |
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| What is the spermatic cord? |
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Definition
It connects the testes to the abdominal cavity contains the vas deferens, blood vessels, nerves, and lymph vessels runs through the inguinal canal and inguinal rings |
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Term
| what is the dartos muscle |
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Definition
| smooth muscle in the scrotum helps maintain the temperature of the testes |
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| what is the cremaster muscle? |
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Definition
| skeletal muscle in the scrotum |
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Term
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Definition
Primary male sex organ where sperm and testosterone is made |
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Term
| Describe the structure of the testes |
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Definition
Covered by a double layer tunica the tunica albuginia extends into the tests to make the lobules (250-300 of them) each lobule has 1-4 seminiferous tubule |
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| What is the tunica albuginia? |
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Definition
this inner layer made of fiberous connective tissue |
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Term
| What is the tunica vaginalis? |
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Definition
out layer around the testes an extension of the peritoneum |
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Term
| What type of cells are in the seminiferous tubules and what do the seminiferous tubules do? |
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Definition
Spermatogenic cell, sertoli cell, Leydig cells A sperm "factory" |
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| Define spermatogenic cells |
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Definition
| Going to become sperm w/32 chromosomes |
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| What is a normal sperm count and what is a low sperm count? |
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Definition
normal- 500 million per ejaculation low- under 400 million per ejaculation |
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Term
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Definition
Bound together by tight junctions to create and blood-testes barrier Phagocytose excess cytoplasm from sperm cells secrete fluid for transport secrete the hormone inhibin and mediates the effect of other hormones |
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| Describe the Leydig cells |
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Definition
in between the the seminiferous tubules makes testosterone |
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Term
| How are the testes/seminiferous tubules connected to the epididymis? |
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Definition
| Tubulus rectus--> rete testes network--> efferent ductus--> epididymis |
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Term
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Definition
20ft long coils tube, comma shaped Passage way and temporary storage (20 days) for sperm from the testes to the vas deferens Where capacitation (maturing) occurs Damaged sperm are recycled and tubule fluid composition is readjusted. |
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| Describe the vas deferens |
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Definition
tube that goes from the epididymis to the urethra through the spermatic cord passage way for sperm has smooth muscle layers for peristalsis |
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Term
| what is the ampulla and what "organ" is located right after it? |
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Definition
| the expanded area prior to the urethra then the ejaculatory duct |
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Term
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Definition
| cutting of vas deferens at the top of the testes |
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Term
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Definition
tube used by both the urinary and reproductive system to carry urine and semen to outside of the body divide into the prostate part, membranouse part, and spongy or penile part |
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Term
| Describe seminal vessicals |
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Definition
2 fairly large gland on the posterior part of the bladder and 60% of the fluid in semen |
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Term
| What is in the fluid that is made in the seminal vessicals? |
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Definition
Fructose for engery Prostaglandins --> reverse peristalsis in the uterus and decrease the viscosity of cervical mucous Fribrinogen--> creates a temporary clot in the vigina |
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Term
| describe the prostate gland |
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Definition
A gland about the size of a walnut that is inferior to the bladder Produces 30% of the fluid in semen |
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Term
| Describe the fluid produced by the prostat gland |
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Definition
Alkaline to neutralize the acidic vagina has enzymes to activate sperm seminal plamsa--> an antibiotic |
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| What problems could there be with the prostate? |
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Definition
| It could hypertophy and block the urethra |
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Term
| Describe the Cowpers glands |
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Definition
2 small glands posterior to the prostate proctuce a thick alkaline secretion to prior to ejacualtion to nutralixe acidic urine left in the urethra
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Term
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Definition
Copulatory (sex) organ that carries sperm to the female Composed of a root (part attached to the rest of the body), shaft, and glans penis (head) with prepuce (foreskin) |
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Term
| Describe the internal structure (bug face) of the penis |
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Definition
"Mouth" is urethra "Eyes" are the central arteriols surrounded by spongy/erectile tissue |
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Term
| Describe the role of the parasympathetic NS in sex |
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Definition
| when sexually aroused the parasympathetic NS stimulates the arterioles in the penis to dialate and blood is shunted into the erectile tissue increasing turger pressure and causing an erection |
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Term
| describe the sympathetic NS role in sex |
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Definition
Sympathetic NS from L1-L2 S.C. stimulate ducts and acessory glands to contract, bladder contracts The bulbospongiousus of the penis contracts rapidly to propel sperm from the urethra |
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Term
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Definition
can't get and errection causes can be anxiety, alcohal, drugs, and bad blood vessels Treatments are drugs, implants, and injections |
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| How do the hormones in men's reproductive system work? |
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Definition
GnRH in the hypothalamus stimulate the anterior pituitary to make LH and FSH FSH stimulates the sertoli cell to release androgen-binding protien (ABP) ABP make spermatogenic cells receptive to testosterone which stimulates spermatogenisis Sertoli cells then secrete inhibin when there is enough sperm made, inhibin stops the production of GnRH LH stimulates Leydig cells to make testosterone The testosterone goes to the spermatogenic cells for the production of sperm and to the hypothalamus to inhibt the release of GnRH |
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