Term
| What are the external reproductive organs? What is their role? |
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Definition
vulva & clitoris
-provide a heat signal |
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Term
| What are the internal reproductive organs? What are their general roles? |
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Definition
Ovaries - oocyst formation
Oviducts - oocyst transport & fertilization
Uterus - sperm transport, implantation, fetal development support
Cervix - passage btwn uterus & vagina
Vagina - receptacle for male penis |
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Term
| What are the external genitalia & what are their general roles? |
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Definition
Labia major + labia minor
-minimizes entrance to vagina
-can swell in pigs & dogs during estrus to act as a visual signal
Clitoris - erectile tissue with high density of sensory nerve endings
Urethra opening...self explanatory
Vaginal opening...self explanatory |
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Term
| Describe the structure & function of the vagina (4 points) |
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Definition
-receptacle for penis
-inner part is highly secretory
-outer part has a stratified squamous epithelium resistant to mechanical stress
-resident bacteria on surface secrete lactic acid to help reduce infection |
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Term
| Describe the structure & function of the cervix (4) |
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Definition
-separate & regulate passage between vagina/uterus
-protects fetus during pregnancy
-composed of fibrous connective tissue with collagen, elastin & smooth muscle
-has mucus producing cells to lubricate vagina |
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Term
| What influences the structure of the cervix? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes cervical mucus production to reduce during luteal phase & pregancy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Compare the cervix of the sow to that of cow |
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Definition
-sow is more organized
-cow has vertical cervical rings while sow has interdigitating prominences |
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Term
| Describe the functions of the uterus (5) |
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Definition
-transport spermatozoa to oviduct
-site of implantation
-supplies fetus with nutrients, removes waste
-protects & transports fetus during pregnancy
-supplies endocrine info about pregnancy |
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Term
| Compare the uterine structure of cows, sows & humans |
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Definition
Cow - not litter bearing, shorter horns
Sow - long, well-developed horns to accommodate litter
Human - large uterine body, no horns |
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Term
| Describe the general structure of the uterus |
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Definition
Endometrium
-mucus membrane with lots of secretory glands
-penetrating veins & arteries
-stratam basale & stratum functionale (shed)
Myometrium
-smooth muscle layers regulated by ovarian hormones & oxytocin
Perimetrium
-connective tissue |
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Term
| What layers of the uterus are shed during the mentrual cycle? |
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Definition
| Stratum basale & stratum functionale of the endometrium |
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Term
| What regulates the smooth muscle of the myometrium |
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Definition
| ovarian hormones & oxytocin |
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Term
| If progesterone is high, uterine contractions will be... |
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Definition
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Term
| If estradiol is high, uterine contractions will.... |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the function of the oviducts (4) |
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Definition
-collect egg cell from ovary
-transport spermatozoa from uterus to site of fertilization
-help spermatozoa reach final maturity for fertilization
-transport embryo to uterus by cilia & contractions |
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Term
| Where does fertilization usually occur? |
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Definition
| ampullary-isthmic junction |
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Term
| Describe the structure of the oviducts |
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Definition
Infundibulum: funnel-like
Ampulla: proximal part
Isthmus: distal part, narrow, has smooth muscle & ciliated glandular epithelium |
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