Term
| Mass of Male & Female Kidney |
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Definition
Male- 150-175
Female- 125-150 |
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Term
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Definition
| where artery, vein, ureter, and neural tissue are located |
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Term
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Definition
| Carries blood flow through the base of the medulla to the nephrons |
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Term
| How much does the kidneys recieve of total cardiac output? |
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Definition
25% of the total 1000-1500 mL/min
-charged with filtering the blood of unwanted biproducts of metabolism, toxins, etc.
-charged with regulating the internal environment (osmocity, pH, composition, ionic balances, etc) |
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Term
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Definition
| heart, renal artery, interlobal artery, arcurate arterioles, interlobular artery, afferent arterioles, glomerular capillaries, efferent arterioles, peritubular capillaries |
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Term
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Definition
| Filtration occurs here, efflux of H2O and components across the wall into the nephrons tubular system |
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Term
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Definition
surround tubules of the nephron
ability to modify filtration in the glomerular capillaries upstream |
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Term
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Definition
1) Cortical (Superficial) nephrons- just beneath the renal capsule (plunge into the mid-medullary region)
2) Juxtamodullary nephrons- located near border of cortex & medulla (reach almost through the entire medulla) |
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Term
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Definition
| structures that recieve the collective content of the nephrons (where urine is drained) |
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Term
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Definition
| Becomes increasingly hypotonic (hypoosmotic) from base of pyramid to apex of pyramid (superficial -> deep) |
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Term
| Where is the ultra-filtrate first formed? |
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Definition
| Bowman's Capsule (Glomerulus) |
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Term
| First set of tubules after Bowman's Capusle |
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Definition
S1-Bowman's capsule --> mid proximal convulated tububle (PCT)
S2-Rest of PCT
S3- proximal straight tubule (PST) |
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Term
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Definition
Desending portion- thin Descending Tubules of Loop of Henle (tDLH)
Ascending portion:
-thin ascending portion of loop of henle (tALH)
-thick ascending portion of loop of henle (TAL) |
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Term
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Definition
-through the macula densa
-to the distal convoluted tubule (DCT)
-to the conecting tubles
-connecting tubles (CNT)
-initial collecting tubles (ICT)
-cortical collecting tubule (CCT)
-to the collecting ducts
-outer medullary connecting duct(OMCD)
-inner medullary connecting duct (IMCD) |
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Term
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Definition
Inter-connections are mignified, specialized for cell-->cell transfer
-capacity to secrete bicarbonate and hydronium ions (pH)
-capacity to secrete Na+ ions
-Aquaporins-proteins that form water channels |
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Term
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Definition
contain inner-cilated structures (brushed borders)
-central cilium-elongated sections of membrane that projects into the lumen
-believe is is a flow sensor |
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Term
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Definition
| believed to be sensors that detect Na+, Cl-, and H2O |
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Term
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Definition
messages sent by detection of ions that regulated renal functions
-tubular and vascular funtions working together |
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Term
| 3 Layers of the renal filtration barrier |
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Definition
1) Endothelial cells
2) Basement Membrane
3) Podocytes |
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Term
| Ratio of filtrate in kidneys decreases with |
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Definition
radius of that filtrate
*during heavy exercise, large proteins are able to pass through the filtration barrier |
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Term
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Definition
-the ability of the kidneys to remove a slute from renal plasma and excrete it through the urine
-take some substance out of capillary into the tublar components |
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Term
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Definition
-rate at which solute appears in urine, or rate at which a solute disappears from the plasma
Also:
-"virtual" volume of solute per unit time necessary to supply a given amount of solute in the urine |
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Term
| 3 basic functions of the kidneys |
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Definition
-filtration
-reabsorption
-secretion |
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Term
| Equation for clearance (C(x)) |
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Definition
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