Term
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Definition
minimal SANS tone @ normal ECFV
decreased ECFV increases SANS activity
increased tone -> NE, dopamine release at nerve terminals, circulating epi release by adrenal medulla
NE, epi @ alpha-1-adrenoreceptors
vasoconstriction -> decreases GFR, RBF
degraded by renalase |
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Term
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Definition
ang II causes vasoconstriction -> decreases GFR/RBF
constricts both AAs and EAs
deceases Kf |
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Term
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Definition
PGE1, PGE2, PGI2 released due to decreased EVFC (ie hemorrhage, when vaso constriction would lead to renal ischemia), shear stress, dehydration, ang II
increases RBF, may cause no change or increase in GFR
dampens vasoconstrictive effect of SANS, ang II
inhibited by NSAIDs |
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Term
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Definition
NO vasodilates both AAs and EAs
decreases TPR, increases RBP/GFR
counters catecholamines, ang II
released in response to shear stress, Ach, histamine, bradykinin, ATP |
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Term
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Definition
vasoconstricotr of AAs, EAs
stimulated by shear stress, stretch, ang OO, bradykinin, epi, decreased ECFV |
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Term
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Definition
vasodilator released in response to high PGs, low ACE
stimulates NO, PGs
increases GFR/RBF
ACE degrades, inactivates |
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Term
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Definition
usu. vasodilates
vasoconstricts AAs in kidneys
decreases GFR/RBF
tubuloglomerular feedback |
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Term
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Definition
increases w/ increased ECFV
dilates AAs and constricts EAs
some elevation of GFR and constant RBF |
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Term
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Definition
| either vasoconstrictor of AAs (decreases GFR/RBF) or stimulates NO (increases GFR/RBF) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
decreases resistance of AAs and EAs
increases RBF w/ constant GFR |
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Term
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Definition
produced by PCT
vasodilator- increases RBF
inhibits renin |
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Term
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Definition
sympathetic tone (epi NE)
ang II
endothelin
adenosine (AAs only; vasodilates outside of kidneys)
ATP (AAs only) |
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Term
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Definition
PGs
NO (can be stimulated by ATP)
bradykinin
ANP (dilates AAs and constricts EAs)
glucocorticoids
histamine
dopamine |
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Term
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Definition
diruretic/ natriuretic effects
inhibition of NaCl reabsorption (TAL, LDT, CD)
inhibits ADH cAMP in LDT, CD
increases vasa recta blood flow decreasing interstitial OsM |
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Term
| increased water/ NaCl reabsorption, increased K+ secretion in LDT, CD |
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Definition
increased ADH
increased plasma [K+]
aldosterone
increased tubular flow |
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Term
| aldosterone effects in LDT/CD? |
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Definition
1. bind to/upregulate nuclear receptors
2. insertion of apical Na+ channels and basolateral Na+/K+ pumps
3. increased synthesis of TCA Cycle intermediate to power pump |
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Term
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Definition
| stimulates insertion of apical water channels (aquaporin 2 channels) via adenylate cyclase -> cAMP -> PKA mxn; aquaporins removed in absence of ADH |
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Term
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Definition
blocks Na+ epithelial channel in LDT/CD (as well as Na+-H+ exchanger)
may cause acidosis, hyperkalemia |
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Term
| loop diuretics (Furosemide/Lasix) |
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Definition
| inhibits Na-K-Cl luminal transporter on TAL, may cause hypokalemia, hypomagnesiumemia, hypocalcemia due to diminished positive luminal voltage |
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Term
| thiazide diuertics (HCTZ) |
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Definition
| inhibit Na+-Cl- symporter in DT |
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